发展新型农村集体经济何以促进共同富裕——可持续发展视角下的双案例分析

How Does the Development of New Rural Collective Economy Promote Common Prosperity:A Dual-Case Study from the Perspective of Sustainable Development

探索更有利于实现共同富裕的新型农村集体经济发展模式与实现机制需要将农村集体经济可持续发展作为核心议题。本文在分析发展新型农村集体经济面临的主体困境、经营困境和福祉困境的基础上,立足于可持续发展视角,以山东省起南村和中郝峪村为例,采用归纳式双案例研究方法,探讨新型农村集体经济可持续发展的作用机制与实现路径。基于可持续发展理论的治理、经济与社会三个核心维度,本文将农村集体经济可持续发展的作用机制归纳为促进新型农村集体经济有效治理的主体生成机制、推动新型农村集体经济提质增效的价值共创机制和促进新型农村集体经济价值实现的收益共享机制。新型农村集体经济可持续发展的实现路径体现为形成集体发展共识、整合自主发展资源以激活集体发展内生动力,促进产业转型升级、重塑经营模式以建立增收长效机制,以及优化收益分配方式、提高村社福祉水平以为社区团结和村社整合提供条件。发展主体的持续在场、发展过程的可持续与共享成果的可持续相互作用,形成一个开放的、互动的动态发展循环,由此创造出村民与村集体合作共生、协同发展新型农村集体经济的价值生态。

To explore a development model and realization mechanism of rural collective economy that is more conducive to achieving common prosperity,it is necessary to regard the sustainable development of rural collective economy as a core issue.From the perspective of promoting common prosperity among farmers in rural areas,this paper starts with an analysis of entity dilemmas,development dilemmas,and welfare dilemmas in the development process of rural collective economy.From the perspective of sustainable development,our study takes Qi'nan Village and Zhonghaoyu Village in Shandong Province as examples and adopts an inductive case study method to explore the functional mechanisms and realization path of the sustainable development of rural collective economy.Based on the three core dimensions of governance,economy,and society in the theory of sustainable development,we identify the functional mechanisms of sustainable development of the rural collective economy as the entity generation mechanism,value co-creation mechanism and revenue sharing mechanism.The realization path of its sustainable development is reflected in a)forming a consensus on collective development and gathering independent development resources to activate the endogenous incentive of collective development,b)promoting industrial transformation and upgrading and restructuring the development model of the collective economy to establish a long-term mechanism for income growth,and c)optimizing the way of income distribution and improving the level of well-being of the village community to provide conditions for community unity and integration.The continuous presence of development entities,the sustainability of the development process,and the sustainable interaction of shared achievements form an open and mutually reinforcing dynamic development cycle,creating a value ecosystem in which villagers and village collectives co-operate and coordinate to develop the collective economy.