从“村落终结”到“社区再造”:乡村空间转型的实践表达——对陕西省袁家村的个案分析

From the “End of Village” to the “Reconstruction of Community”: PracticalExpression of Rural Spatial Transformation Based on a Case Study ofYuanjia Village of Shaanxi Province

“村落终结”一度被抽象为城镇化进程的代名词,是城市挤压村落空间引致的结果。然而,部分传统村落在乡村振兴与城乡融合发展的背景下却呈现主动求变、“自我终结”的反向演化态势,凭借自身优势和内生性发展动力重新掌握空间拓展的话语权。陕西省袁家村就是通过此种转型路径对传统地域空间进行规划,实现“自我终结与再造”的典型。对此,本文通过提炼融“空间开放-自主规划-组织理性-利益联结-内外联动”于一体的“自我终结与再造”框架,对典型案例展开分析,试图寻找其实现由终结到再造的机制。研究发现:空间开放是实现“自我终结与再造”的前提,此类村庄通过开放空间边界打造“内外联动”的共生发展格局;自主规划是实现“自我终结与再造”的建设力量,此类村庄掌握了产业发展与空间转型的自主权;组织理性是实现“自我终结与再造”的特色保障,村“两委”切实维护着发展与和谐共存的正义空间;利益联结是实现“自我终结与再造”的核心驱动力,多元主体在休戚相关中构建“共生共担共享”的命运共同体。上述发现为新时代探索就地城镇化和城乡融合发展模式提供了有益借鉴。

ed as a synonym for the process of urbanization,which was the result of cities squeezing the space of villages.However,in the context of rural revitalization and urban-rural integrated development,some traditional villages have shown a reverse evolution trend of actively seeking changes and“self-termination”,relying on their own advantages and endogenous development momentum to regain the discourse power of spatial expansion.Yuanjia village of Shaanxi province is a typical example of planning traditional regional spaces through this transformation path,realizing“self-termination and reconstruction”.In this regard,this paper analyzes the typical case by refining the“self-termination and reconstruction”framework that integrates“spatial openness,autonomous planning,organizational rationality,interest connection,and internal and external linkage”,attempting to find a successful mechanism for its implementation from termination to reconstruction.This study has found that open space is a prerequisite for achieving“self-termination and reconstruction”,and such kind of villages have created a symbiotic development pattern of“internal and external linkage”through opening space boundaries.Autonomous planning is the construction force for achieving“self-termination and reconstruction”,and such kind of villages have always held the autonomy of industrial development and spatial transformation.Organizational rationality is the characteristic guarantee for achieving“self-termination and reconstruction”,and the village party branch and village committee effectively maintain the justice space for development and harmonious coexistence.Interest connection is the core driving force for achieving“self-termination and reconstruction”,and multiple entities build a community of shared destiny through mutual benefits and solidarity.The above findings provide useful references for exploring in situ urbanization and urban-rural integration development models in the new era.