《写生蛱蝶图》卷新探:基于跨学科方法

A More Study of the Handscroll“Butterflies”:Based on an Interdisciplinary Approach

北京故宫博物院藏《写生蛱蝶图》卷绘有精细写实的蝴蝶形象,传为北宋赵昌所作,但学界对此存有争议。本文以生物学为研究透镜,对该作品所绘蝴蝶进行了蝶种考证,据此发现其中反映出的画面与现实之间的细微差异,及该蝶种分布与赵昌在地理上的一致性。这为进一步揭示《写生蛱蝶图》所隐藏的文化信息留下了线索。故在此基础上,结合历史文献与画面内容,就宋人对蝴蝶的科学认识与艺术创作,及赵昌为该作品作者在时空上的可能性进行了讨论。本文以作品为中心,以科学为手段,综合历史、艺术等多学科信息进行解读,最终落在对文物和文化现象的探讨上,以期为同类研究提供一种可行的新思路。

The handscroll“Butterflies”,famous for its accurate depiction of butterflies,is widely attributed to the work of the Northern Song Dynasty painter Zhao Chang,but there remains a debate.Taking biology as the research lens,this article studies the species of the butterfly drawn in this artwork and discovers the subtle differences between the butterfly in the painting and the reality,as well as the geographical consistency between the butterfly and Zhao Chang.These have left clues for revealing the cultural information hidden in the painting.Thus,based on the findings and combined with historical documents and the content of the painting,the article further discusses people's artistic and scientific knowledge of butterflies in the Song Dynasty and the temporal and spatial possibility of Zhao Chang as the painter of this artwork.Taking the artwork as the center,science as the means,and synthesizing multi-disciplinary information of history and art,the article finally settles on the discussion of cultural relics and cultural phenomena,which provides a feasible new idea for the similar type of research.