地下矿井煤炭碳排放量估算方法研究——以阜康矿区西部为例

Methods for estimating carbon emissions from coals in underground mines:A case study of the western Fukang mining area

碳排放已成为人类社会关注的焦点,煤基碳排放构成了中国碳排放总量中最主要的部分。目前尚无对新疆典型地下矿井煤炭碳排放量的准确计算研究,其中CH_(4)排放量亦被忽略。基于煤层CH_(4)、CO_(2)赋存规律和煤炭开采规划,排除化石燃料燃烧、电力和热力排放,将阜康矿区西部地下矿井煤炭碳排放划分为已生产煤炭碳排放、计划生产煤炭碳排放、未回采煤炭碳排放、井下煤柱碳排放四部分进行计算,最终获得阜康矿区西部地下矿井煤炭的碳排放总量。结果如下:(1)根据阜康矿区西部地下矿井平均生产年限,计算出阜康矿区西部已生产煤炭碳排放量为2.17万t/a、计划生产煤炭碳排放量为5.35万t/a、未回采煤炭碳排放量为0.40万t/a、井下煤柱碳排放量为0.74万t/a,则阜康矿区西部地下矿井煤炭碳排放总量为8.66万t/a。(2)计划生产煤炭碳排放量>已生产煤炭碳排放量>井下煤柱碳排放量>未回采煤炭碳排放量,建议生产过程中先采气后采煤、强化充填抑制未回采资源及煤柱碳排放,对不同浓度瓦斯进行梯级综合回收利用以弱化碳排放。(3)阜康矿区西部地下矿井煤炭碳排放量主要受煤炭生产总量(已生产和计划生产煤炭总量)、煤层CH_(4)和CO_(2)含量、解吸率、煤变质程度等影响,并随这些影响因素量值的增大而增大。研究成果可为阜康矿区西部地下矿井煤炭碳排放量控制及减排措施制定提供建议。

Carbon emissions have come into sharp focus of human society.The carbon emissions from coals rank as the most predominant part of China’s total carbon emissions.Presently,there is no available study on the accurate calcula-tion of carbon emissions from coals in typical underground mines in Xinjiang,with the CH_(4)emission even overlooked.This study centers on the carbon emissions from coals in underground mines in the western Fukang mining area.As per the occurrence laws of CH_(4)and CO_(2)in coal seams,as well as coal mining plans,this study classified the sources of carbon emissions from coals(excluding the emissions from fossil combustion,power generation,and thermal supply)into four parts:carbon emissions from coals mined,planned coals to be mined,unrecovered coals,and underground coal pillars.Based on this,the total carbon emissions from coals were calculated.The findings include:(1)based on the average mining years of underground mines,the carbon emissions from coals mined,planned coals to be mined,unrecovered coals,and underground coal pillars were calculated at 21700 t/a,53500 t/a,4000 t/a,and 7400 t/a,respectively,totaling 86600 t/a.(2)Given that the four types of carbon emission sources are in the order of planned coals to be mined>coals mined>underground coal pillars>unmined coals,this study suggested conducting gas extraction before coal mining,strengthening filling to inhibit emissions from unmined resources and coal pillars,performing comprehensive recycling and utilization of gas of different concentrations to reduce carbon emissions in the process of coal mining.(3)The carbon emissions from coals in the underground mines are primarily influenced by the total coal production(sum of coals mined and planned coals to be mined),the CH_(4)and CO_(2)content in coal seams,desorption rate,and the metamorphic degree of coals.These carbon emissions increase with the values of these four factors.The results of this study will provide suggestions for controlling carbon emissions from coals and determining measures for carbon emission reduction in the western Fukang mining area.