共同演化视角下电子废弃物处理产业集群的发展路径——以华南G镇为例

Development path of e-waste industry based on the perspective of co-evolution:A case study of G town in South China

电子废弃物处理产业的特殊性体现在循环利用的资源再生性与拆解污染的破坏性二者的矛盾统一中。研究依托路径依赖理论,围绕集群与政府两者交互所构建的共同演化关系,将知识的生产与对新知识的选择作为划分集群演化阶段的参照,对G镇电子废弃物产业集群演化机制进行探究。研究发现:G镇电子废弃物处理产业路径形成之初,企业在对新知识的探索和保留中强化联系,形成了产业链完整的拆解集群。随后当新知识再次出现并且需要较高迭代成本时,源于利益驱动的企业选择采用新知识的积极性有限,表现出内部的自我强化。当集群陷入锁定,僵化的认知使集群难以依靠自身实现路径解锁。外部行政力量的介入,刺激并加速了集群新路径的形成与发展。研究在一定程度上丰富了国内现有演化经济地理学实证研究,同时为电子废弃物处理产业的良性发展提供了一定的研究参考。

The special characteristics of the e-waste industry are reflected in the contradictory unity between the resource regeneration of recycling and the destructive nature of dismantling and pollution.Based on the path-dependency theory,the study investigates the evolution mechanism of the e-waste industry cluster in G town by focusing on the co-evolutionary relationship between the cluster and the government and taking the production of knowledge and the selection of new knowledge as the reference for classifying the evolutionary stages of the cluster.This study finds that at the beginning of the formation of the e-waste processing industry path in G town,enterprises strengthen their ties in the exploration and retention of new knowledge,forming a dismantling cluster with a complete industrial chain.Subsequently,when new knowledge re-emerged and required high iterative costs,firms stemming from profitdriven incentives to choose to adopt new knowledge were limited,exhibiting internal selfreinforcement.When clusters become locked in,rigid perceptions make it difficult for them to achieve path unlocking independently.The intervention of external administrative forces stimulates and accelerates the formation and development of new paths for clusters.This study enriches the existing empirical research on evolutionary economic geography in China and provides a certain research reference for the development of the e-waste industry.