数字技术重塑国际产业分工格局:理论逻辑与中国战略

Digital Technology Reshaping the International Industrial Division Patterns:Theoretical Logic and China’s Strategy

科技革命是国际分工深化的重要推动力。作为新一轮科技革命的核心,数字技术具有高渗透性、技能偏向性以及显著的网络效应,其广泛应用将引发要素投入结构与生产方式的重大变革,弱化低技能劳动力在生产中的重要性,从根本上动摇现有的“资本、高技术+低技能”国际分工模式的基础。国际产业分工将出现产业分化与融合并存、平台化与弹性化增强、数字跨国公司主导力量崛起以及国家间分工地位分化加剧等趋势,以廉价的低技能劳动力参与国际分工的国家面临被边缘化的风险。中国应采取积极主动的应对战略,包括做强做优做大数字经济、重塑人才培养机制、主动参与全球数字治理、扩大服务业开放等。

The scientific and technological revolution is an important driving force for deepening the international division of labor.As the core of a new round of scientific and technological revolution,the wide application of digital technology will fundamentally shake the foundation of the existing“capital,high-tech,and low-skill”model.It will show trends such as the coexistence of industrial differentiation and integration,and countries that participate in the international division of labor with cheap,low-skilled labor will face the risk of being marginalized.In this case,China should adopt proactive strategies,including improving and expanding the digital economy,reshaping the talent training mechanism,actively participating in global digital governance,and etc.