政策试验中的组织学习:一个过程框架

Organizational Learning in Policy Experiments:A Process Framework

政策试验通过设置框架性目标,创建议题学习网络,决策者与试点者、专家、利益相关者增进互动,形成议题驱动的强化学习机制,有利于加快与议题相关联的知识生产。政策试验的议题学习可分为四个阶段,即问题驱动的愿景学习、创新驱动的项目学习、绩效驱动的拓展学习、立法驱动的规范学习,分别负责生产概念性知识、项目性知识、组合性知识、制度性知识。本文通过对杭州市“城市大脑”项目进行案例分析,提炼试验驱动组织学习的运作机制,包括概念引领机制、四方互动机制、项目评估机制、知识整合机制。推进政策创新需要构建议题学习网络,在不同阶段采用差异化的学习方式,促进知识生产与转化。

The policy experiment is conducive to accelerating the production of topic related knowledge by setting a framework goal,creating an issue learning network,enhancing the interaction between policy makers and pilot parties,experts,and stakeholders,and forming an issue driven reinforcement learning mechanism.The issue learning process of policy experiments can be divided into four stages,namely problem-driven vision learning,innovation-driven project learning,performance-driven extended learning,and legislation-driven normative learning.They are respectively responsible for producing conceptual knowledge,project-based knowledge,combinatorial knowledge,and institutional knowledge.By conducting a case study of the“City Brain”in Hangzhou,we aim to extract the operational mechanisms of experimental driven organizational learning,including concept leadership mechanisms,four-way interaction mechanisms,project evaluation mechanisms,and knowledge integration mechanisms.To promote Policy Innovations,we need to build an issue learning network,adopt differentiated learning models at different stages of the pilot project,and promote the production and transformation of required knowledge.