天津地区女性围绝经期综合征与中医体质相关性研究

Correlation between perimenopausal syndrome and TCM body constitution in women in Tianjin

目的调查天津地区育龄期、围绝经期、老年期女性的中医体质分布特点,探讨女性围绝经期综合征发病是否与体质相关。方法选取2021年1—12月于天津市北辰区妇幼保健计划生育服务中心行健康检查的1537名40~60岁女性作为研究对象,按STRAW+10分期系统及改良版Kupperman量表评分将研究对象分为育龄组、围绝经期组(围绝经期综合征组、围绝经期健康组)、老年组。对所有研究对象进行中医体质判定,比较不同组别研究对象中医体质分布特点。结果79.35%的围绝经期女性有明显不适症状,且不同年龄段围绝经期女性的明显不适症状发生率差异有统计学意义:随着年龄增长,其明显不适症状发生率越高(P<0.05)。40.87%的围绝经期女性患有围绝经期综合征,不同年龄段围绝经期女性的围绝经期综合征患病率差异有统计学意义:随着年龄增长,其围绝经期综合征患病率越高(P<0.05)。对不同组别研究对象各体质类型占比进行比较:育龄组以平和质为主(42.88%);围绝经期健康组以平和质、阴虚质(均为23.51%)为主;围绝经期综合征组以阴虚质(27.41%)为主;老年组以气虚质(22.15%)为主。体质分型为痰湿质的研究对象改良版Kupperman量表得分大部分为16~30分,体质分型为血瘀质的研究对象改良版Kupperman量表得分大部分为6~<16分,体质分型为特禀质的研究对象改良版Kupperman量表得分全为30分以上。结论天津市育龄期、围绝经期及老年期女性的中医体质分布存在差异,围绝经期女性的体质以阴虚质、气郁质为主,且不同体质围绝经期女性的围绝经期综合征严重程度同样存在差异,痰湿质、血瘀质与特禀质女性围绝经期综合征症状更为严重,平和质女性围绝经期综合征症状更轻。

Objective This paper aims to investigate the characteristics of TCM body constitution distribution in women of childbearing age,perimenopausal period,and senile period in Tianjin to explore whether the incidence of perimenopausal syndrome in women is related to body constitution.Methods A total of 1537 women aged 40-60 years who underwent health examination in Beichen Maternity and Child Health Care and Family Planning Service Center from January to December in 2021 were selected as the study participants.They were allocated to the reproductive age group,perimenopausal groups(perimenopausal syndrome group,perimenopausal health group),and elderly group following STRAW+10 staging system and modified Kupperman scale score.TCM body constitution was determined in all participants,and the distribution characteristics of TCM body constitution in different groups were compared.Results Among them,79.35%of perimenopausal women had marked discomfort symptoms,and there were significant differences in the incidence of marked discomfort symptoms between perimenopausal women of different ages:the incidence of marked discomfort symptoms was significantly higher with increasing of age(P<0.05).40.87%of perimenopausal women suffered from perimenopausal syndrome,and a significant difference was found in the prevalence of perimenopausal syndrome between perimenopausal women of different ages:the prevalence of perimenopausal syndrome was significantly increased with the increasing of age(P<0.05).The proportion of each body constitution type was compared between different groups:normal constitution(42.88%)was predominant in the reproductive age group;normal constitution and yin-deficiency constitution(23.51%)were predominant in the perimenopausal healthy group;yin-deficiency constitution(27.41%)was predominant in the perimenopausal syndrome group;and qi-deficiency constitution(22.15%)was predominant in the elderly group.Using the modified Kupperman scale,most of the participants with phlegm-dampness constitution had scores of 16-30,most of them with blood stasis constitution had scores of 6-<16,and all of them with allergic constitution had scores of over 30.Conclusion Differences in TCM body constitution distribution were found among reproductive age,perimenopausal,and senile women in Tianjin.The body constitution of perimenopausal women is mainly yin-deficiency constitution and qi-stagnation constitution.The severity of perimenopausal syndrome in perimenopausal women of different body constitution also varies,women with perimenopausal syndrome symptoms under the phlegm-dampness constitution,blood stasis constitution,and allergic constitution are more serious,while women with perimenopausal syndrome symptoms under normal constitution are milder.