急诊床旁超声心动图在心血管疾病诊断中的应用价值分析

Application analysis of emergency bedside echocardiography in diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases

目的探析急诊床旁超声心动图在心血管疾病诊断中的应用价值,以期为临床决策的制定提供参考。方法选取2019年12月—2021年6月本院急诊收治的65例心血管疾病患者作为研究对象,所有患者均于入院半小时内开展床旁超声心动图检查与床旁心电图检查。统计并对比心电图与床旁超声心动图诊断患者疾病的准确性(疾病检出率)、检查反应时间、检查所用时间、诊断所用时间。结果65例患者确诊疾病分布:非急性心肌梗死、心包积液、急性心肌梗死、急性心梗合并左心室功能不全、肺栓塞、慢性肺心病、A型主动脉夹层、风心病合并左房血栓、心肌炎、主动脉瓣狭窄、肥厚型心肌病分别有18例、12例、10例、8例、5例、3例、3例、1例、2例、1例、2例。2种检查方式的疾病检出率相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中床旁超声心动图的疾病检出率(87.7%)明显高于心电图检查(43.1%)。2种检查方式的检查反应时间、检查所用时间、诊断所用时间相比,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论将急诊床旁超声心动图应用于心血管疾病诊断中,可以提高疾病检出率,有利于患者尽快进入治疗环节,值得推广。

Objective This paper aims to explore the value of emergency bedside echocardiography in the diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases to provide evidence for clinical decision-making.Methods Sixty-five patients with cardiovascular disease admitted to the emergency department of our hospital from December 2019 to June 2021 were selected as the study participants.All patients underwent bedside echocardiography and bedside electrocardiography within half an hour after admission.The accuracy of ECG and bedside echocardiography in the diagnosis of diseases(detection rate of disease),time to examination reaction,examination time,and diagnosis time were statistically analyzed and compared.Results The distribution of confirmed diseases in 65 patients was as follows:non-acute myocardial infarction(n=18),pericardial effusion(n=12),acute myocardial infarction(n=10),acute myocardial infarction with left ventricular dysfunction(n=8),pulmonary embolism(n=5),chronic pulmonary heart disease(n=3),type A aortic dissection(n=3),rheumatic heart disease with left atrial thrombosis(n=1),myocarditis(n=2),aortic stenosis(n=1),and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy(n=2).A significant difference was observed in the detection rate of disease between the two examination methods(P<0.05),with the detection rate of disease by bedside echocardiography significantly higher than that by electrocardiography(87.7%vs.43.1%).No significant differences were found in the time to examination reaction,examination time,and diagnosis time between the two examination methods(P>0.05).Conclusion The application of emergency bedside echocardiography in the diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases can improve the detection rate of disease and facilitate patients to enter the treatment phase as soon as possible.These benefits hold promise for a wider application.