“筑室先治基”:基层治理变革过程视角下乡村营商环境的形塑机制

"Ruling the Foundation before Building the Room":Mechanisms for Creating a Business Enabling Environment in the Countryside from the Perspective of the Grass-roots Governance Change

全面推动乡村振兴背景下,乡村需要对接外部资本并使其有序发挥作用。本研究借鉴组织变革理论,基于一个营商环境形塑的典型村庄Z村的考察,构建“破冰-变革-稳固”治理过程理论分析框架,探究乡村振兴背景下村庄在推动基层治理变革过程中形塑营商环境的过程及机制。研究发现,乡村振兴资源向村庄聚合的有利外部环境下,村庄可以通过三个机制实现营商环境优化:可信机制形塑营商制度环境,专业化机制塑造营商服务环境,可见性机制培育营商人文环境。研究还发现,通过创建村民内生性组织,可以创造性地提升村民组织化程度;以“阶梯式”多重组织信任交叠,可以持续降低资本入乡交易成本。本文结论有助于理解社会力量嵌入基层治理变革,并推动乡村营商环境形塑的逻辑与规律。

Using a typical village as an example,this study applies organizational change theory to examine how a village might design a business-friendly climate while fostering grassroots governance change.A grid-based mechanism is used to shape a business-friendly institutional environment,a field-based mechanism is used to shape a business-friendly service environment,and a volunteer-based mechanism is used to cultivate a business-friendly human environment.The study also finds that the degree of villagers'organization can be creatively enhanced by creating endogenous organizations of villagers,and the transaction cost of capital entering the village can be continuously reduced by the overlapping of multiple organizational trusts in the form of a"ladder".These findings contribute to a better understanding of the distinctive pattern of social forces entrenched in grassroots governance and serve to shape it.