我国农村人居环境治理的引领型实践过程及经验逻辑——基于“嵌入式国家自主”理论的情景化拓展

The Practical Process and Empirical Logic of Rural Residential Environment Governance in China——Scenario Expansion Based on the Theory of“Embedded Autonomy”

新时代以来,在“千万工程”经验引领下,我国农村人居环境整治工作与推进国家生态文明建设、实施乡村振兴战略深度融合,呈现出一个充分凸显“国家引领性”的治理图景。为更好地解释农村人居环境治理的实践经验,本文在已有“嵌入式自主”理论基础上,将中国独特的政治背景与治理场景考虑在内,提出中国情景化拓展的“引领型自主”分析框架,并援引“问题缘起—行动要素—维系策略”逻辑思路,探讨国家先行实验区典型案例的实践样态。研究发现:农村环境治理缘起在于内在压力和外在推力的共同驱动,表现为国家权威注入的政策传导在先,村庄内生的自治发展在后,通过政策政治性激发村庄自治性,从而满足人民群众对美好生活的向往。“国家自主有为—引领地方有效”是基于中国本土典型建构出的经验架构,是透过“引领型自主”理论诠释探讨出的“治理有效”机理模型,有助于深刻把握中国式农村人居环境治理的现代走向和转型。

Since the new era,the Environmental remediation of rural human settlements in China has been deeply integrated with the national ecological civilization construction and the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy,presenting a governance picture that highlights the“national leadership”.To better explain the experience of rural living environment governance,this article proposes a“leading autonomy”analysis framework for China’s situational expansion,taking into account China’s unique political background and governance scenarios,based on the existing“embedded autonomy”theory.And citing the logical approach of“problem origin action elements maintenance strategies”,explore the practical patterns of typical cases in national pilot experimental zones.Research has found that the origin of rural environmental governance lies in the joint driving force of internal pressure and external thrust,manifested as the policy transmission injected by the state authority in the first place.“National autonomy and achievements-leading local effectiveness”is an empirical framework constructed based on typical local Chinese practices.It is a mechanism model of“governance effectiveness”explored through the interpretation of the“leading autonomy”theory,which helps to deeply grasp the current trend and transformation of Chinese style rural living environment governance.