‘仙进奉’荔枝结果母枝质量与坐果和果实品质关系的研究

Study on the Relationship Between the Quality of Fruit-bearing Shoot,Fruit Setting and Fruit Quality in‘Xianjinfeng’Litchi

【目的】调查和分析‘仙进奉’荔枝结果母枝质量与坐果和果实品质之间的相关性,比较不同质量结果母枝对坐果和果实品质的影响,提出优质结果母枝量化标准,为生产上培养健壮结果母枝提供参考。【方法】在‘仙进奉’荔枝关键物候期测量和统计结果母枝质量指标(长度、粗度和叶片数)、初始挂果数、最终留果数和果实品质,利用小提琴图、Person相关系数和单因素ANOVA等方法对数据的分布、相关性和差异显著性进行分析,并比较不同质量结果母枝坐果和果实品质的差异。【结果】‘仙进奉’结果母枝长度、粗度和叶片数集中分布范围分别为10.2~14.5 cm、0.4~0.5 cm和28~38片。初始挂果数与结果母枝粗度呈极显著正相关,最终座果率与长度和粗度呈极显著正相关,结果母枝长度、粗度和叶片数与果实品质同一性状的相关性基本一致,即全部正相关或负相关,其中单果重与粗度呈显著正相关,TSS和TSS/TA与叶片数显著正相关。长度大于14.5cm的结果母枝初始坐果数和最终座果率最高,分别为16.95个和20.73%;粗度大于0.5 cm的结果母枝初始挂果数、最终座果率、单果重和可食率均最高,分别为15.48个、28.03%、26.28 g和70.95%;叶片数大于38片的结果母枝TSS含量和TSS/TA最高,分别为18.36%和250.81。【结论】‘仙进奉’荔枝结果母枝健壮标准是长度、粗度和叶片数分别大于14.5 cm、0.5 cm和38片。

【Objective】This study aimed to investigate and analyze the correlation between the quality of fruit-bearing shoots in‘Xianjinfeng’litchi and fruit setting and fruit quality.Tthe effects of different quality fruit-bearing shoots on fruit setting and quality were compared.The quantitative standard of high quality fruit branches was put forward to provide reference for the development of strong fruit branches in production.【Method】During the key phenological period,the quality indicators of fruit-bearing shoots in‘Xianjinfeng’litchi,including length,diameter,and number of leaves,were measured and statistically analyzed.Number of initial fruit setting and final fruit setting with fruit quality were also assessed.Violin plots,Pearson correlation coefficients,and one-way ANOVA were utilized to analyze the distribution,correlation,and significance of the data,as well as to compare the differences in fruit setting and quality among fruit-bearing shoots of different qualities.【Result】The length,diameter,and number of leaves of fruit-bearing shoots in‘Xianjinfeng’litchi were concentrated within the ranges of 10.2-14.5 cm,0.4-0.5 cm,and 28-38 leaves,respectively.The number of initial fruit setting exhibited a significant positive correlation with the diameter of the mother branches,while the final fruit setting rate showed a significant positive correlation with both length and diameter.The correlation between the length,diameter,and number of leaves of fruit-bearing shoots and the same fruit quality traits was generally consistent,either positively or negatively correlated.Notably,single fruit weight demonstrated a significant positive correlation with diameter,while TSS(Total Soluble Solids)and TSS/TA(Total Soluble Solids/Titratable Acidity)showed a significant positive correlation with the number of leaves.Fruit-bearing shoots with a length greater than 14.5 cm exhibited the highest initial fruit setting number(16.95 fruits)and final fruit setting rate(20.73%).Fruit-bearing shoots with a diameter greater than 0.5 cm exhibited the highest initial fruit setting number(15.48 fruits),final fruit setting rate(28.03%),single fruit weight(26.28 g),and edible rate(70.95%).Fruit-bearing shoots with more than 38 leaves exhibited the highest TSS(18.36%)and TSS/TA(250.81).【Conclusion】Based on the findings,a robust standard for fruit-bearing shoots in'Xianjinfeng'litchi was determined as having a length greater than 14.5 cm,diameter greater than 0.5 cm,and number of leaves greater than 38.