法治国家的健康观

Health view in a country ruled by law

在法治国家,健康应被定位为国家保护义务的对象,这一定位既凸显了保障公民健康的国家任务,又指引着公权力理性履行其保护公民健康的职责。在现代社会,随着健康影响因素的变化,国家要充分保护公民健康,就需要实施全方位的预防。由此,健康保护水准得到提升,但个人权利招致较多限制,健康与自由的关系日益紧张。健康中国建设背景下,行政机关固然要突破原有警察权的界限,但仍不可放弃行政法治的基本要求。国家应当强调个人的主体性,尊重公民是自己健康的第一责任人,在此基础上论证干预措施的正当性。

In a country under the rule of law,health should be positioned as the object of the state protection obligation,which not only highlights the task of protecting citizens’health but also guides the public power to rationally perform its duty of protecting citizens’health.With the advent of risk and the change in the factors affecting health in modern society,the state needs to implement comprehensive prevention to protect the health of citizens fully.As a result,while the health protection has improved,individual rights are subject to more restrictions,while the relationship between health and freedom has become increasingly tense.Under the background of constructing a healthy China,the administrative authorities need to break through the boundaries of the original police power while not giving up the basic requirements of administrative rule of law.The state should emphasize the subjectivity of individuals and respect that citizens are the first responsible persons for their own health,the justification of intervention measures should then be justified on this basis.