认知诗学视角下隐喻网络的构建与翻译——以《青衣》为例

On the Construction and Translation of Metaphorical Network from the Perspective of Cognitive Poetics:A Case of the Moon Opera

隐喻是建构文学作品文学性的重要手段。当前的隐喻翻译研究多囿于单个、孤立的隐喻,较少从语篇层面探讨隐喻网络的构建和翻译。基于认知诗学视角,将图形—背景理论、概念隐喻理论与语篇连贯理论整合起来,从语篇层面考察《青衣》中隐喻网络的构建与翻译,提炼出构建主人公人物形象的三大概念隐喻、两类隐喻纽带。隐喻网络体现出作家独特的诗学话语与认知模式。作品中的根隐喻与派生隐喻相互交织,形成一张内部自洽的隐喻网络,构成作品前景网络的一部分,隐喻网络又由近程隐喻纽带和远程隐喻纽带所构成。因此,从认知和语篇视角探讨作品的诗学网络的建构和翻译就颇具研究和实践意义,译者精准识别原作的隐喻网络,再现其语言机制和认知机制至关重要。在《青衣》的翻译中,葛浩文充分关注到作品中独具特色的隐喻纽带,较大程度上再现了原作的前景网络。

Metaphors are instrumental in constructing the literariness of literary works.Current research on metaphor translation is mostly confined to studying individual metaphors in an isolated way,and rarely explores the construction and translation of metaphorical networks from the textual level.From the perspective of cognitive poetics,the paper tries to integrate the figures and ground theory,conceptual metaphor theory,and discourse coherence theory to study the construction and translation of the metaphorical network in the Moon Opera from the textual level.It finds out three major metaphors that construct the image of the heroine and proposes two types of metaphorical ties.The paper argues that the metaphorical network embodies the writer’s unique poetic discourse and cognitive pattern.The root metaphors and derived metaphors in the work are intertwined to create a self-consistent metaphorical network,which is also part of the foreground network.The metaphorical network is composed of ties of closely spaced metaphors and those of distant ones.Therefore,it is of considerable research and practical significance to study the construction and translation of poetic networks from the cognitive and textual perspectives,and it is crucial for translators to accurately identify the metaphorical network of the original work and reproduce its linguistic and cognitive mechanisms in the target one.In the case of the Moon Opera,Goldblatt pays full attention to the unique metaphorical ties in the work and reproduces the foreground network to a great extent.