引起葡萄膜炎的常见疫苗及发病机制

Common vaccines causing uveitis and their pathogenesis

疫苗的产生对全球人类的健康产生巨大的积极影响,尽管生物技术的进步使疫苗更加有效和安全,但没有一种疫苗完全没有副作用。葡萄膜炎作为疫苗注射后的眼部并发症之一,虽然很少见且出现是暂时性的,但对视功能及结构的损害会产生一定影响。主要常见疫苗乙肝疫苗、人类乳头瘤病毒疫苗、流感病毒疫苗、卡介苗、麻疹腮腺炎风疹疫苗等,无论是单独接种还是与其他疫苗一起接种,均有可能导致葡萄膜炎的发生。目前疫苗相关性葡萄膜炎的确切发病机制仍不清楚,因果关系无法确定,也缺乏合适的诊断标准,但有大量疫苗相关不良事件的报告。本文就引起葡萄膜炎的常见疫苗及发病机制进行综述,对临床上早期识别这种特殊类型的葡萄膜炎具有重要的意义。

The production of vaccines has a great positive impact on global human health.Although the progress of biotechnology makes vaccines more effective and safer,no vaccine is completely free of side effects.Uveitis is one of the ocular complications after vaccine injection.Although it is rare and temporary,it will have a certain impact on the visual function and structure.The main common vaccines are hepatitis B vaccine,human papillomavirus vaccine,influenza virus vaccine,Bacillus Calmette-Guerin vaccine,measles-mumps-rubella vaccine,etc.Whether inoculated alone or together with other vaccines,it may cause uveitis.At present,the exact pathogenesis of vaccine-related uveitis is still unclear,the causal relationship cannot be determined,and there is a lack of appropriate diagnostic criteria.However,a large number of vaccine-related adverse events have been reported.This paper reviews the common vaccines causing uveitis and their pathogenesis,which is of great significance for early recognition of this special type of uveitis in clinical practice.