透析戊戌前康有为对董仲舒的推崇

Kang Youwei's Praise of Dong Zhongshu before Wuxu Reform

康有为在戊戌维新之前的十多年间对董仲舒赞誉极高,明确将董仲舒誉为“孔子之后一人”“汉代第一纯儒”。具体地说,康有为认同董仲舒以公羊学解读《春秋》,更盛赞董仲舒“罢黜百家,独尊儒术”而使孔学一统天下。康有为给予董仲舒的历史定位和评价受制于他的孔教观,服务于变法维新的现实需要。有鉴于此,康有为对于董仲舒的思想既有继承,又有转化。透视、反思康有为视界中的董仲舒,不仅有助于直观感受康有为对董仲舒的推崇备至,而且有助于深刻理解康有为推崇董仲舒的深层原因。

Kang Youwei praised Dong Zhongshu highly more than ten years before the Hundred Days'Reform,and clearly praised Dong Zhongshu as"one successor after Confucius"and"the first pure scholar in the Han Dynasty".To be specific,Kang Youwei agreed with Dong Zhongshu's interpretation of the Spring and Autumn Annals with the study of the male sheep,and praised Dong Zhongshu's"exclusion of all schools of thought and respect of Confucianism alone'and made Confucianism dominate the world.Kang Youwei's historical orientation and evaluation of Dong Zhongshu was subject to his Confucian view,which serves the realistic needs of law reform and reform.Given this,Kang Youwei both inherited and transformed Dong Zhongshu's thoughts.The perspective and reflection on Dong Zhongshu in Kang Youwei's vision can not only help us to intuitively feel Kang Youwei's respect for Dong Zhongshu,but also help us to deeply understand the deep reasons why Kang Youwei respected Dong Zhongshu.