一种迫击炮内弹道模型与仿真

Modeling and Simulation for Interior Ballistic a Mortar

迫击炮由于具有特殊的装药结构而有着不同的内弹道过程,为了仿真迫弹尾管与主药室之间的燃气交换导致的附加装药点火过程,将主药室与尾管视为高低压区,建立了两者间气-粒流动的物理模型,该模型考虑了气体交换时传火孔的状态,能够精确刻画气体交换和基本装药燃烧过程,在此基础上推导了能量方程与气体状态方程,构建了新型迫击炮零维内弹道模型。针对某120 mm迫击炮结构及全装药进行了数值计算,得到了迫击炮内弹道参数的变化规律,分析了基本装药颗粒流量和主药室内的能量变化过程,并与试验数据进行了比较,得到膛内压力误差为0.04%,弹丸初速误差为0.02%,表明了仿真值与试验值具有很好的一致性,验证了模型的正确性。结果表明模型能够更好地反映迫击炮内弹道过程,可以为工程应用提供理论指导。

Mortars have different internal ballistic processes due to their special charge structures.In order to simulate the ignition process of additional charges caused by the gas exchange between the mortar tail boom and the main charge chamber,the main charge chamber and the tail boom can be considered as high and low pressure zones,and a physical model of gas-particle flow between them was established.The state of the fire hole during gas exchange was analyzed in the model,as well as the gas exchange and the combustion process of the basic charge was described accurately.On this basis,the energy equation and gas state equation were derived and the new zero dimensional interior ballistic model was constructed.The structure and full charge of a 120 mm mortar was numerically calculated.The variation law of the interior ballistic parameters of the mortar was obtained.The variation process of the basic charge particle flow and the energy in the main charge chamber was analyzed and compared with the experimental data.The error of the bore pressure and muzzle velocity was 0.04%and 0.02%respectively.It shows that the simulation values are in good agreement with the experimental values,and the correctness of the model is verified.The results show that the model can reflect the interior ballistic process of mortar and provide theoretical guidance for engineering applications.