饲粮中添加不同乳酸菌对籽鹅肠道菌群、形态结构、pH及免疫器官指数的影响

Effects of Different Lactic Acid Bacteria in Dietary on Intestinal Flora,Morphology,pH and Immune Organ Indexes of Zi Geese

试验旨在研究不同乳酸菌对籽鹅肠道菌群、形态结构、pH和免疫器官指数的影响。选取28日龄、体重接近(875.23±33.18)g的健康籽鹅90只,随机分为3组,每组3个重复,每个重复10只,公母各半。空白对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组饲粮为分别在基础饲粮中添加植物乳杆菌109CFU/kg(普通乳酸菌,试验组Ⅰ)、乳酸片球菌109CFU/kg(自主筛选的乳酸菌,试验组Ⅱ),试验期28 d。结果表明:(1)试验组Ⅱ籽鹅盲肠中乳酸菌数量极显著高于试验组Ⅰ和对照组(P<0.01),试验组Ⅱ籽鹅盲肠中大肠杆菌数量和沙门氏菌数量均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。(2)试验组Ⅱ籽鹅空肠的绒毛高度显著高于对照组(P<0.05),隐窝深度显著低于对照组(P<0.05),绒毛高度/隐窝深度极显著高于试验组Ⅰ和对照组(P<0.01),试验组Ⅰ籽鹅空肠的绒毛高度/隐窝深度显著高于对照组(P<0.05);试验组Ⅱ籽鹅回肠的绒毛高度和绒毛高度/隐窝深度均显著高于试验组Ⅰ和对照组(P<0.05)。(3)试验组Ⅱ的空肠pH显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。(4)试验组Ⅱ籽鹅的胸腺指数和法氏囊指数均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),试验组Ⅱ籽鹅的脾脏指数显著高于试验组Ⅰ和对照组(P<0.05)。由此可见,饲粮中添加自主筛选的乳酸菌能够维持籽鹅肠道菌群平衡,改善其肠道形态结构,提高其免疫能力,且效果优于普通乳酸菌。

This experiment was conducted to inves⁃tigate the effects of different lactic acid bacteria(LAB)on the intestinal flora,morphology,pH and immune organ indexes of Zi geese.A total of 90 healthy Zi geese of 28 days old with similar body weight of(875.23±33.18)g were selected and ran⁃domly divided into 3 groups with 3 replicates per group,and 10 Zi geese per replicate(half male and half female.)Zi geese in control group were fed a basal diet,and experimental groups were fed the basal diets supplemented with 109 CFU/kg Lactobacillus plantarum(common LAB,groupⅠ),109 CFU/kg Pediococcus acidilactici(LAB isolated in our laboratory,groupⅡ),respectively.The experimental period was 28 days.The results showed as follow:①the number of LAB in group II was extremely significantly higher than that in group I and control group(P<0.01).The number of Escherichia coli and salmonella in group II was significantly lower than that in control group(P<0.05).②In jejunum,the villus height(VH)in groupⅡwas significantly higher than that in control group(P<0.05),the crypt depth(CD)in groupⅡwas significantly lower than that in control group(P<0.05),and the ratio of villus height to crypt depth(V/C)in groupⅡwas extremely significantly higher than that in groupⅠand control group(P<0.01),the ratio of villus height to crypt depth(V/C)in groupⅠwas significantly higher than that in control group(P<0.05),in Ileum,the villus height(VH)and the ratio of villus height to crypt depth(V/C)in groupⅡwere significantly higher than those in group I and control group(P<0.05).③The Jejunum pH in groupⅡwas significantly lower than that in control group(P<0.05).④The thymus index and bur⁃sa index in groupⅡwere significantly higher than those in control group(P<0.05),and the spleen index in groupⅡwas significantly higher than that in group I and control group(P<0.05).In conclusion,add⁃ing lactic acid bacteria in diets can regulate the intestinal flora balance,improve the intestinal morpholo⁃gy decrease the intestinal pH and increase the immune organ index of Zi geese,furthermore,the effect of LAB which isolated in our laboratory was better than that of common LAB.