家庭结构对医学生职业价值观的影响:心理资本的中介作用

Effect of family structure on medical students′work values:Mediating role of psychological capital

目的:探讨家庭结构对医学生职业价值观的影响,以及心理资本在两者之间的中介作用。方法:通过分层整群抽样对某医学院626名大学生进行问卷调查,问卷调查量表包括大学生职业价值观量表、积极心理资本量表。结果:不同家庭结构的大学生职业价值观评分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),重组家庭、单亲家庭的医学生职业价值观得分低于核心家庭、主干家庭的医学生。不同的家庭结构对职业价值观的作用机制存在差异,以核心家庭为参照,主干家庭、联合家庭对医学生职业价值观的影响主要通过心理资本的中介作用;单亲家庭对医学生职业价值观有直接的影响作用,心理资本在其中也发挥着中介作用;重组家庭对医学生职业价值观有直接的影响作用,心理资本在其中没有发挥中介作用。结论:不同的家庭结构对医学生职业价值观形成的作用机制存在差异,需要分类管理。

Objective:To investigate the influence of family structure on the work values in medical students and the mediating role of psychological capital between the two factors.Methods:By stratified cluster sampling,we conducted a questionnaire survey on 626 college students in a medical school using College Students′Work Value Scale(CSWVS)and Positive Psychological Capital Questionnaire(PPQ).Results:CSWVS scores were significantly different in students from different family structures(P<0.05).Students from reconstituted and single-parent families had lower CSWVS scores than those from nuclear and stem families.There was difference in the mechanism by which different family structures influenced work values.Referring to nuclear family,stem and united families influenced medical students′work values mainly through the mediating effect of psychological capital.Single-parent family had a direct influence on medical students′work values,partly mediated by psychological capital.Reconstituted family also had a direct influence,but psychological capital did not play a mediating role in it.Conclusion:There are differences in the mechanism by which different family structures influence the work values in medical students.The students should be dealt with accordingly.