冲击载荷下航空发动机转子振动特性试验方法

Test method for vibration characteristics of aeroengine rotor under impact load

以某舰载涡桨发动机动力涡轮转子为研究对象,基于动力学相似设计原则设计了与真实转子动力特性一致的模拟转子,并验证了动力学相似设计的正确性。提出一种冲击载荷下转子振动特性试验方法,在振动台上开展高速电机抗冲击性能和转子在冲击载荷下的振动特性试验研究,验证了高速电机具备不低于10 g的垂向抗冲击性能,提取了转子在冲击载荷下的瞬态振动响应,获取了冲击时振动响应主要频率成分。研究表明,模拟转子动力特性与真实转子具有良好一致性,冲击时振动响应基频不变,但存在较复杂的其他频率成分。研究为某舰载涡桨发动机的研制提供了技术支持,为转子在冲击载荷下的动力学试验提供了方法。

Here,taking power turbine rotor of a certain shipborne turboprop engine as the study object,a simulated rotor with the same dynamic characteristics as the actual rotor was designed based on the principle of dynamic similarity design,and the correctness of the dynamic similarity design was verified.A test method for rotor vibration characteristics under impact load was proposed,and anti-impact performance of high-speed motor and vibration characteristics of rotors under impact load were studied on a shaking table.It was verified that high-speed motors have vertical anti-impact performance of no less than 10 g.Transient vibration responses of rotors under impact load were extracted,and their main frequency components during impact were obtained.The study showed that dynamic characteristics of a simulated rotor have good consistency to those of the actual rotor;a rotor’s fundamental frequency in its vibration responses remains unchanged during impact,but more complex other frequency components exist in vibration responses;the study results provide a technical support for development of a certain shipborne turboprop engine and a method for dynamic tests of rotor under impact load.