甘蔗分步式机收的可行性与经济效益分析

Feasibility and Economic Benefit Analysis of Step by Step Machine Harvesting of Sugarcane

本文对广西和云南共3个县区2022/2023年榨季推行甘蔗分步式机收的情况进行了分析,当前采取的主要是机器割铺(堆)或人工砍倒——机械集堆装车倒短运输——截断式机械剥叶除杂这一技术路线,在现有设备和技术条件下,甘蔗分步式机收具有地形适应面广、灵活多样的经营模式、对宿根蔗不利影响小、解决蔗叶收集困难与禁止焚烧的矛盾并提升其资源化利用水平等显著优势。同时,甘蔗分步式机收可显著降低蔗农的砍收成本,也给服务商带来较为丰厚的投资回报,经济效益良好。因此,甘蔗分步式机收是可行的,在小型割铺(堆)机和剥叶除杂主机等设备进一步成熟后,将会对提升甘蔗产业竞争力、稳定我国糖料蔗生产起到重要作用。

This article analyzes the operation of step-by-step sugarcane mechanized harvesting in three counties and regions of Guangxi and Yunnan during the 2022/2023 crushing season.The current technical route is mainly machine cutting and laying down(cutting and stacking)or manual cutting--mechanical stacking,loading,short transportation--truncated mechanical leaf stripping and impurity removal.Under the existing equipment and technological conditions,the step-by-step mechanized harvesting of sugarcane has significant advantages,such as wide adaptability to terrain,flexible and diverse management models,minimal impact on ratooning cane,and the ability to solve the contradiction between difficulties in collecting and the prohibition of burning sugarcane leaves,as well as improving resource utilization.At the same time,the step-by-step mechanized harvesting of sugarcane can significantly reduce the harvesting cost for sugarcane farmers,and also bring considerable investment returns to service providers,with good economic benefits.Therefore,the step-by-step mechanized harvesting of sugarcane is feasible.After the further maturity of equipment such as small cutting and laying down machines(cutting and stacking machines)and leaf stripping and impurity removal hosts,it will play an important role in enhancing the competitiveness of the sugarcane industry and stabilizing China‘s sugar cane production.