高糖饲料中添加沙棘粉对黄河鲤生长性能、抗氧化能力和非特异性免疫的影响

Effects of high-carbohydrate diet supplemented with sea buckthorn powder on the growth,antioxidant ability and non-specific immunity of Yellow River carp(Cyprinus carpio haematopterus)

为研究沙棘粉对黄河鲤生长性能、抗氧化能力和非特异性免疫的影响,实验选用初始体重约为7.55 g的黄河鲤450尾,随机分为5组,即对照组(control组)、高糖组(HG组)、高糖+0.1%沙棘粉组(G-LSP组)、高糖+0.3%沙棘粉组(G-MSP组)和高糖+0.5%沙棘粉组(G-HSP组),开展为期10周的养殖实验。结果显示,与高糖组相比,G-HSP组黄河鲤的增重率(WGR)显著提高。与对照组相比,高糖组黄河鲤血清和肝胰脏中丙二醛(MDA)含量升高,过氧化氢酶(CAT)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和总抗氧化能力(TAOC)降低,而补充沙棘粉可减轻这些负面影响。高糖饲料抑制了肝胰脏和肌肉中nrf2mRNA的表达水平,上调了keap1 mRNA的表达水平。沙棘粉对高糖引起的nrf2 mRNA表达水平的降低和keap1 mRNA表达水平的升高有显著的抑制作用。沙棘粉可显著提高受Nrf2调控的下游转录因子(gr、cat、gpx和sod)的mRNA表达水平。此外,添加0.5%的沙棘粉能显著提高血清、脾脏和肠道中碱性磷酸酶(AKP)、酸性磷酸酶(ACP)、溶菌酶(LZM)活性和白蛋白(Alb)含量。另外,沙棘粉可以恢复因高糖饲料造成的脾脏和肠道中nf-κb、il-1β和tnf-α的mRNA异常表达。研究表明,沙棘粉可以缓解高糖饲料造成的氧化应激和炎症损伤,同时促进黄河鲤生长、增强其抗氧化能力和免疫力。结合本研究结果,在饲料中的建议添加剂量为0.5%。

In order to explore the effects of sea buckthorn(Hippophae rhamnoides)powder on growth,antioxidant ability and non-specific immunity of Yellow River carp(Cyprinus carpio haematopterus),a total of 450 C.carpio haematopterus with similar body weight about 7.55 g were randomly divided into five groups:control,HG,GLSP,G-MSP,G-HSP,respectively.A 10-week feeding trial was performed.The results indicated that the weight gain rate of C.carpio haematopterus in G-HSP group was significantly higher than that in HG group.Compared with the control group,the content of malondialdehyde(MDA)in serum and hepatopancreas increased,but the activity of(CAT),superoxide dismutase(SOD)and total antioxidant activity(T-AOC)in serum and hepatopancreas decreased.These negative effects could be relieved with sea buckthorn powder supplementation.The highcarbohydrate diet inhibited nrf2 mRNA levels of hepatopancreas and muscle,while the mRNA levels of keapl were promoted.Sea buckthorn powder significantly inhibited the decrease of nrf2 mRNA levels and increase of keapl mRNA levels induced by the HG diet.And the antioxidant-related genes(gr,cat,gpx and sod)mRNA levels were also promoted by sea buckthorn powder.Moreover,fish fed the diet containing 0.5%sea buckthorn powder had higher activity of alkaline phosphatase(AKP),acid phosphatase(ACP),lysozyme(LZM)and the content of albumin(Alb)in serum,spleen and intestine.In addition,sea buckthorn powder can restore the abnormal mRNA expression of nf-cb,il-1βand tnf-a in spleen and intestine caused by high-carbohydrate diet.In conclusion,sea buckthorn powder can alleviate oxidative stress and inflammation injury caused by high-carbohydrate diet,and improve the growth performance,and enhance antioxidant ability and non-specific immunity of C.carpio haematopterus.The recommended dosage of sea buckthorn powder in diet is 0.5%.