隐私保护计算密码技术研究进展与应用

Privacy-preserving cryptographic algorithms and protocols:a survey on designs and applications

“云、大、物、移、智、链”等新技术的发展伴生了诸多安全问题特别是隐私泄露问题.密码学为这些问题的解决提供了独特视角和可行路线.这些新技术也促进了密码学研究的深入发展,许多新型密码原语、功能强大的高等密码算法与协议新型构造不断涌现.本文给出了具有隐私保护计算能力的几类高等密码算法与协议的研究进展综述,特别是安全多方计算、同态加密、零知识证明、以及不可区分混淆四类算法与协议的设计和分析研究进展,也通过具体示例讨论了它们的潜在应用场景.本综述既着眼于各类算法与协议的不同层级安全属性,也侧重于从模块化角度剖析具体构造的内在技巧逻辑甚至缺陷.本文有助于读者掌握这些高等密码算法与协议的最新理论和技术进展、背后的发展逻辑,并深悟其中的关键技术原理,在密码学理论和实践的结合过程中得到有益启发.

The emergence of technologies such as cloud computing,big data analytics,the Internet of Things(IoT),mobile internet,artificial intelligence(AI),and blockchain has given rise to several critical security concerns,especially regarding privacy breaches.Sophisticated cryptographic algorithms and protocols,including secure multiparty computation,homomorphic encryption,zero-knowledge proof,and indistinguishability obfuscation,provide effective solutions to address these challenges.The cryptographic community has already witnessed numerous commendable efforts aimed at mitigating privacy breaches through the utilization of advanced cryptographic algorithms and protocols.This study offers a comprehensive survey of the designs and applications of such algorithms and protocols,assessing them based on their security level,module rationale,and limitations regarding security and performance.This survey acts as a valuable resource for readers seeking a thorough understanding of the latest advancements in cryptographic algorithms and protocols.It also serves to bridge the gap between the theoretical underpinnings and practical applications of these advanced cryptographic primitives.