山西大同地区北魏合葬墓研究

Study of Northern Wei Joint Burials in the Datong Region,Shanxi

合葬作为一种葬俗,其内涵较为多样,与之相近的还有衬葬、陪葬和族葬等。衬葬,是指归葬祖莹,或一个及若干个人衬于他人的墓葬中埋葬,往往与合葬、陪葬、改葬和迁葬联系一起^([1]).

The Northern Wei Dynasty joint burials in Datong,Shanxi are numerous and diverse in type,including joint burials in both the same and separate tomb pits,double and multiple burials,as well as simultaneous and asynchronous burials based on the temporal sequence of occupants'interment.The tombs can be divided into pit tombs,shaft tombs,and brick chamber tombs,based on form and material.Burial customs of Northern Wei Dynasty joint burials in Datong underwent multiple noticeable shifts over time:joint burials in the same coffin changed to those in separate coffins,sacrificial burials to natural joint burials,lineage blood relationships to kinship relationships,and single-chamber to multi-chamber tombs.These changes likely resulted from a variety of factors,including ethnic integration and cultural exchange during the Northern Dynasties period,as well as changes in family relationships,economy,and society in the Pingcheng area.