干细胞聚合体在牙颌组织缺损再生修复中的应用

Regeneration of tooth and maxillofacial bone defects based on stem cell aggregates

以牙缺损、缺失和颌面部骨组织缺损等为代表的牙颌组织缺损在口腔颌面部疾病中十分常见,目前的治疗方式包括自体或同种异体组织移植、人工合成材料的仿真替代等,不能实现生理性的牙颌组织结构和功能的修复。间充质干细胞(mesenchymal stem cells,MSCs)具有广泛而强大的再生医学应用潜能,基于间充质凝聚发育原理的干细胞聚合体技术,其具有维持细胞干性、重塑再生微环境和重启组织分化的功能特性,已经成功应用于牙髓、牙周、骨组织的再生修复,并在相关临床试验中取得良好效果,具有较好的临床转化前景。本文将从干细胞聚合体的制备原理、构建方式和转化应用等方面进行探讨,以期为更好实现牙颌组织缺损的再生修复提供新的理论依据和治疗策略。

Dental and maxillofacial tissue defects represented by tooth defect and/or loss,and maxillofacial bone defect are very common in oral and maxillofacial patients.The current treatment methods include autologous or allogeneic tissue transplantation,artificial synthetic material simulation replacement,etc.,which cannot achieve physiological dental and maxillofacial tissue structure and function repair.Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)have extensive and powerful potential in regenerative medicine application.Stem cell polymer technology based on the principle of mesenchymal condensation and development has the functional characteristics of maintaining cell stemness,remodeling regenerative microenvironment,and restarting histological differentiation.It has been successfully applied to the regeneration and repair of dental pulp,periodontal and bone tissue,which has obtained good efficacy in related clinical trials,and possess a better clinical transformation prospect.Good results have been obtained in relevant clinical trials,and it has a good prospect of clinical transformation.This review highlights the theoretical basis,construction method and research status of stem cell polymerization in dental tissue regeneration,so as to provide new clinical treatment ideas for better realization of the regeneration and repair of dental tissue defects.