我国儿童青少年体质健康家校社多元联动模式的研究

Research on the"Family-School-Community"Multiple Linked Model for the Physical Health of Children and Adolescents in China

基于当前我国平稳进入“乙类乙管”常态化疫情防控阶段和儿童青少年体质健康水平下降的社会背景,《中国儿童青少年体育健康促进行动方案(2020—2030)》提出了“5+体育”的行动愿景,要求积极创设完整的家庭—学校—社区多元联动实施路径。该文运用文献资料、专家访谈、逻辑分析等研究方法,对家庭、学校、社区体育对我国儿童青少年体质健康的影响研究进行梳理,建立以家庭引导、学校提升、社区促进为核心,以家庭—学校的监督评价、家庭—社区的保障支持、学校—社区的组织协调为基础,多元参与、多元管理和多元评估的监督导向模式,构建家庭与学校、家庭与社区、社区与学校三位一体的资源共享模式,建立互信共生的家校社良性互动模式和正向化、标准化、负向化的三级激励评价的多元联动模式,提出分阶段、分区域、分学段的实施路径,以期促进我国儿童青少年体质健康水平的全面发展。

Based on the current social underground that China has smoothly entered the stage of officially downgrading the management of normalized epidemic prevention and control to"Class B"and the physical health level of children and adolescents declines,the"Action Plan for Sports Health Promotion of Children and Adolescents in China(2020-2030)"put forward the action vision of"5+sports"and requested the active creation of a complete implementation path of"family-school-community"multiple linkage.Using the literature method,expert interview method,logical analysis method and other research methods,the article combs the research on the influence of family,school and community sports on the physical health of children and adolescents in China,establishes a multiple linkage mode of the supervision-oriented model of"multi-participation,multi-management and multi-evaluation",the triune resource-sharing model of"families and schools,families and communities and communities and schools",the benign interaction mode of mutual-trusted and symbiotic"families,schools and communities",and the three-level incentive evaluation mode of"positivity,standardization and negativity"which takes"family—guidance,school—promotion and community—promotion"as the core and is based on"familyschool supervision and evaluation,family-community security and support and school-community organization and coordination",and puts forward the"staged,regional and study-phrased"implementation path,in order to promote the comprehensive development of the physical health level of children and adolescents in China.