基于生态产品价值核算的跨界流域生态补偿标准测度

Measurement of Inter-basin Eco-compensation Standards Based on Ecological Product Value Accounting

在区域高质量发展和生态文明建设的背景下,跨界流域空间协同治理得到了广泛关注,然而流域上下游间的利益关系仍有待梳理,横向生态补偿机制尚未健全。采用多源时空大数据和InVEST模型评估生态产品价值实物量,运用影子工程法、市场价值法、当量因子法评估了价值量,基于2010、2015、2020年增江流域的生态产品价值评估结果,确定了理论生态补偿标准基础值。引入生态补偿优先级量化上游龙门县和下游增城区的需求程度,并进一步调整生态补偿标准。结果表明:2010、2015、2020年生态产品价值分别为龙门县72.413亿元、71.727亿元、70.478亿元,增城区44.096亿元、44.206亿元、41.326亿元;上游龙门县生态产品价值有所下降,但其生态补偿优先级显著高于增城区,应由下游增城区对龙门县进行生态补偿;对应生态补偿标准分别为龙门县5.599亿元、2.909亿元、2.705亿元,增城区0.274亿元、0.197亿元、0.153亿元。本研究拟为横向生态补偿提供科学依据和决策参考,促进生态产品价值实现。

In the context of regional high-quality development and ecological progress,the inter-basin spatial collaborative governance has been widely concerned,however,the profit and loss relationship between the upstream and downstream of the river basin still needs to be sorted out,and the horizontal eco-compensation mechanism has not yet been improved.Multi-source spatiotemporal big data and InVEST model were used to evaluate the physical quantity of ecological product value,shadow engineering method,market value method and equivalent factor method were used to evaluate the value.Based on the evaluation results of ecological products in the Zengjiang River Basin in 2010,2015 and 2020,the basic value of the theoretical eco-compensation standard in the Zengjiang River Basin was determined.Eco-compensation Priority Sequence was introduced to quantify the degree of eco-compensation demand in Longmen County upstream and Zengcheng areas downstream,and further adjust eco-compensation standards.The results showed that in 2010,2015 and 2020,the total value of ecological products in Longmen County was 7,241.3 million yuan,7,172.7 million yuan and 7,047.8 million yuan,Zengcheng District was 4,409.6 million yuan,4,420.6 million yuan and 4,132.6 million yuan,respectively;the value of ecological products in the upstream Longmen County has declined,but its eco-compensation priority is significantly higher than Zengcheng District,the downstream Zengcheng District should carry out eco-compensation for Longmen County,the eco-compensation standards were 559.9 million yuan,290.8 million yuan and 270.5 million yuan in Longmen County,and 27.4 million yuan,19.7 million yuan and 15.3 million yuan in Zengcheng District,respectively.This research provides scientific basis and decision-making reference for horizontal eco-compensation,it will effectively promote the realization of the value of ecological products.