医学技能模拟训练的临床效果转化研究热点及趋势分析

The hotspots and trend analysis of clinical effect transformation of medical skill simulation training

目的:探究当前医学模拟教育中模拟技能训练向实际临床操作能力转化研究的热点和发展趋势,并进行可视化文献计量分析。方法:以2006至2020年Web of Science核心合集数据库中收录的783篇与模拟技能训练向临床能力转化相关的文献为数据来源,利用CiteSpaceV(5.7.R5)进行可视化处理和分析,以揭示转化效果及未来的研究方向。结果:发文量和引文量均随年份呈幂指数增长趋势;美国、加拿大是该领域的主要研究力量,多伦多大学医学中心贡献了最多的研究;美国西北大学的McGaghie教授是发文量最多的作者。文献共被引聚类分析发现,模拟技能训练转化包括操作技能与非操作技能两个方面;高频被引文献揭示了该领域及研究的知识基础与研究前沿主要为虚拟现实模拟器的改进,儿科、护理、急诊学科模拟训练的临床应用结果,以及随机对照临床试验的设计。结论:国际上针对模拟技能训练的临床效果转化研究正在快速发展。以内镜技术、腔镜等微创外科技术为代表的操作性技能的转化为研究热点方向,以交流技能、团队合作为主的非操作性技能及小儿急救技能、虚拟现实技术模拟效果为研究前沿。虽然多数技能模拟训练研究数量少,效果并不明确,但未来仍需更多随机对照研究确定模拟训练向临床能力转化的有效性。

Objective To explore the research hotspots and development trends of the transformation of virtual skill training to practical clinical ability in current medical simulation education,and to conduct visual bibliometric analysis.Methods Taking 783 pieces of literature related to the transformation of simulation skill training to clinical competence collected from the Web of Science core collection database from 2006 to 2020 as data sources,CiteSpace V was used for visualization processing and analysis,so as to reveal the transformation effect and future research direction.Results The number of published papers and citations increased exponentially with each year.The United States and Canada were the main research forces,the University of Toronto Medical Center contributed the largest number of research,and Professor McGaghie of Northwestern University was the author with the most published articles.According to the literature co‐citation cluster analysis,it is found that the transformation of simulation skill training includes both operation and non‐operation skills.High‐frequency cited references reflect the knowledge base of this field and research to a certain extent.Research frontiers include the improvement of virtual reality simulators,clinical outcomes of simulated training in pediatrics,nursing,and emergency disciplines,and the design of randomized controlled clinical trials.Conclusion The research on the clinical effect verification of simulation skill training is developing rapidly in the world.The research on medical skills' transformation represented by minimal invasive surgery such as endoscopy is a hot topic. Non ‐operational skills including communication skills, teamwork, pediatric emergency skills, and virtual realitytechnology simulation effects are the research frontiers. The number of researches on the effect of simulationtraining is small and the effect is unclear. In the future, more randomized controlled studies are still needed todetermine the effectiveness of the transformation of simulation training to clinical competence.