1+X职业技能等级证书对接职业标准和教学标准机制模型构建与对策研究

1+X Vocational Skill Grade Certificate Docking Vocational Standard and Teaching Standard Mechanism Model Construction and Countermeasure Research

1+X证书制度是推动职业教育改革的重要思路和政治举措。1+X证书制度实施以来仍存在X证书含金量不高、X证书与学分银行关联标准缺失、X证书教学资源要素支撑不足等问题。通过分析“三标准”(职业技能等级标准、职业标准、教学标准)对接关系,构建“三标准”对接机制模型,提出解决问题的对策,既丰富了1+X证书制度中标准对接的理论,又为培训评价组织和高职院校实施1+X证书制度提供了科学依据。

1+X certificate system is an important idea and political measure to promote vocational education reform.Since the implementation of the 1+X certificate system three years ago,it has met problems in the trial operation,such as query of X certificate quality,missing of related standard between X certificate and credit bank,insufficient support of X certificate teaching resource elements and so on.Through analyzing the docking relationship of the“three standards”(vocational skill grade standard,vocational standard and teaching standard),this paper constructs the docking mechanism model of the“three standards”and puts forward countermeasures to solve the problems.The article enriches the theory of standard docking in the 1+X certificate system,and provides a scientific basis for training evaluation organizations and higher vocational colleges to implement the 1+X certificate system.