大米理化指标在产地溯源中的作用

Research on the Physicochemical Indices of Rice in Origin Tracing

对不同产地大米中的蛋白质、脂肪、灰分及直链淀粉含量进行对比,分析这些理化指标在识别大米产地方面的作用。以黑龙江省建三江、五常、查哈阳3个主产区89批次大米为研究对象,采用单因子方差分析、多重比较及判别分析方法,对测得的蛋白质、脂肪、灰分及直链淀粉进行分析。研究发现,不同产地大米的理化指标存在明显差别,建三江大米的蛋白质总质量分数从高到低,直链淀粉、脂肪的总质量分数从低到高;五常地区大米稻米中的脂肪类成分最多,蛋白质类成分最少,灰分次之;查哈阳大米的各项指数都在中等水平。基于蛋白质、脂肪、灰分及直链淀粉指标对大米产地进行定性鉴定,经交叉验证,整体正确辨别率达95.7%,表明不同地区大米具有一定的质量特点,理化指标可作为定性鉴定大米产地的一项新方法。

By comparing the contents of protein,fat,ash,and amylose in rice from different geographical locations,the study analyzes the role of the physicochemical indices in identifying the origin of rice;takes 89 batches of rice from 3 main production areas in Heilongjiang Province:Jiansanjiang,Wuchang,and Chahayang as the research objects;conducts one-way ANOVA variance,multiple comparisons,and discriminant analysis methods;and analyzes measured protein,fat,ash and amylose.The study found that there are significant differences in the physicochemical indices among rice from different origins.The total mass fraction of protein of rice in Jiansanjiang is the highest to lowest,while the total mass fractions of amylose and fat are the lowest to highest.In Wuchang region,rice contains the highest amount of fat components and the least amount of protein components,followed by ash.Rice produced in Chahayang has average values for all indices.Furthermore,the study qualitatively identifies the origin of rice based on the indices of protein,fat,ash,and amylose.Through cross-validation,the overall correct identification rate reaches 95.7%,indicating that rice from different regions possesses certain quality characteristics,and physicochemical indices can serve as a new technology for qualitative identification of rice origin.