论元宇宙的伦理风险

The Ethical Risks of Metaverse

元宇宙是数字技术取得突破性进展后由多种技术融合而成的“技术集”,是一个与现实世界平行的智能化虚拟世界,具有智能运行逻辑、精神满足功能、无碍穿梭技术和数字永生主体等显著特点。元宇宙的出现解构了现实世界中人与人之间的关系,在使空间无限大、时间可重启、数字主体可变化的同时,也给人类社会也带来了伦理风险:在个体层面,元宇宙主要带来人的异化、隐私泄露的伦理风险;在技术层面,元宇宙主要带来数据霸权的伦理风险;在社会层面,元宇宙改变了以人为中心的已有社会伦理结构。当前,可通过培育数字素养、嵌入伦理原则、完善法律法规、推进国际合作等途径来防范元宇宙伦理风险,引导元宇宙技术发展向善,促进人类文明进步。

Metaverse,a“new species”of technology integration after the breakthrough of digital technology,is an intelligent virtual world parallel to the real world.It is characteristic of intelligent operation logic,social interaction support,unimpeded shuttle technology and digital immortal subject.The emergence of the meta universe deconstructs the relationship between people in the real world,making space infinite,time rebootable,and digital subject changeable,and brings severe ethical risks to human society from three levels:individual,technology and society,which are embodied in human alienation,privacy disclosure,data hegemony,social imbalance and so on.In practice,we can prevent the ethical risks brought by the meta universe and guide the development of meta universe technology to the good by cultivating digital literacy,embedding ethical principles,improving laws and regulations and promoting international cooperation.