中国滑雪装备制造业国际竞争力的实证研究

Empirical Study on the International Competitiveness of China's Ski Equipment Manufacturing Industry

滑雪装备制造业作为滑雪产业的重要支撑,其国际竞争力的提升是我国由冰雪大国迈向冰雪强国的应有之义。基于2011—2022年滑雪装备进出口数据,在现状梳理的基础上利用指数分析法研究我国滑雪装备制造业国际竞争力表现,并通过构建计量模型探究其影响因素、测算主要出口市场贸易效率与潜力。研究发现:(1)我国滑雪装备制造业的对外贸易以出口为主,滑雪器械是我国进出口最多的滑雪装备类别,主要进出口市场为传统滑雪强国及发达国家,其中出口市场面临集中度高的现实问题;(2)我国滑雪装备制造业竞争性指标表现良好,但比较优势指标表现不佳,相较于其他国家,我国滑雪装备制造业已具备相当强的国际竞争力,然而和国内其他制造业相比,滑雪装备制造业尚未成为优势产业;(3)我国与进口国的经济规模、人口规模、进口国的贸易便利化程度、金融环境及贸易政治环境均对我国滑雪装备制造业的国际竞争力有不同程度的显著影响。整体上,我国滑雪装备制造业的出口贸易尚处在扩张发展阶段,具有较大的出口上升空间,但各出口市场的国别差异明显、市场类型不尽相同。

The skiing equipment manufacturing industry,as an important support for the skiing industry,the improvement of its international competitiveness is a necessary step for China to transition from an ice and snow country to an ice and snow power.Based on the import and export data of skiing equipment from 2011 to 2022,this paper sorts out the current situation of China's foreign trade in ski equipment manufacturing industry,uses index analysis method to study the international competitiveness of China's skiing equipment manufacturing industry,and constructs econometric models to explore its influencing factors and calculate the trade efficiency and potential of major export markets.We found that:(1) China's foreign trade in ski equipment manufacturing industry is mainly focused on exports,with skiing equipment being the category with the highest import and export of skiing equipment in China.The import and export markets are mainly dominated by traditional skiing powers and developed countries,among which the export markets face the reality of high concentration;(2) China's skiing equipment manufacturing industry has performed well in competitive indicators,but has not performed well in comparative advantage indicators.Compared to other countries,China's skiing equipment manufacturing industry has strong international competitiveness.However,compared to other manufacturing industries in China,the skiing equipment manufacturing industry has not yet become a dominant industry in China;(3) The economic scale,population size,trade facilitation degree,financial environment,and trade political environment between China and the importing country have significant impacts on the international competitiveness of China's skiing equipment manufacturing industry to varying degrees.Overall,the export trade of China's skiing equipment manufacturing industry is still in the stage of expansion and development,with significant room for export growth.However,there are significant differences and market types among different export markets.