中医药基于“火生土”理论防治恶性肿瘤化疗后白细胞减少研究进展

A review on TCM in the prevention and treatment of leukopenia after chemotherapy for malignant tumor based on the theory of fire generating earth

中医五行相生理论,是中医诊断疾病的一种思路,更是指导中医治疗疾病的一种用药思路。在中医五行相生理论里,脾属土,心属火,而肾为水、火之宅。心火功能的正常要靠肾水的充足,以达到水火既济,而脾土功能的正常也要靠肾火的温煦,以达到火生土。反而言之,肾中水火功能各司其位,仍要靠心火、脾土以及其他脏腑功能的正常运转,但关系最为密切的仍是脾,脾为后天之本,吸收营养物质潜藏于肾中,以达到补土伏火的目的。临床研究显示健脾益肾法对化疗导致的白细胞减少症不仅有升白作用,而且能有效提高患者免疫力。这种“火生土”理论作为防治恶性肿瘤化疗后白细胞减少的新兴理论之一,受到众多学者的青睐,越来越多的研究者开始去探究其可能的作用机制。文章探讨中医药五行相生理论防治恶性肿瘤化疗后白细胞减少的可能机制,以期为临床提供参考。

The theory of five elements in TCM medicine is not only a way to diagnose diseases,but also a way to guide TCM in treating diseases.In the theory of five elements of TCM,spleen belongs to earth,heart belongs to fire,the kidney is the house of water and fire.The normal function of heart fire depends on the sufficiency of kidney water.The normal function of the spleen soil also depends on the warmth of the kidney fire to achieve the goal of fire generating soil.On the contrary,the function of fire and water in the kidney depends on the normal operation of the heart fire,spleen soil and other viscera functions,but the spleen is still the most closely related to it.The spleen is the foundation of the acquired nature,absorbing nutrients hidden in the kidney to achieve the purpose of replenishing the spleen soil and heart fire.Clinical research shows that the method of invigorating the spleen and kidney not only has the effect of increasing white blood cells in leukopenia caused by chemotherapy,but also can effectively improve the immunity of patients.As one of the emerging theories for the prevention and treatment of leukopenia after chemotherapy of malignant tumors,the fire generating earth theory is favored by many scholars,and more and more researchers have begun to explore its possible mechanism of action.This paper discusses the mechanism of the five elements theory in treating leukopenia of malignant tumor after chemotherapy,with a view to providing a reference for clinical practice.