基于数据挖掘的古今医案中疮疡外用药用药规律研究

A study on the medication law of topical medication for treating sores in ancient and modern medical records based on data mining

目的:挖掘《中医方剂大辞典》中治疗疮疡的外用方剂,探索其用药规律。方法:以“疮疡”“疮”“恶疮”“疡”“肿”为关键词检索《中医方剂大辞典》,人工筛选收载主治疮疡的方剂,将药物名称经规范处理的处方录入Excel 2007软件中。为保证数据的准确性,由三名研究员分别进行数据录入,并三者交叉审核,最终建立疮疡方药数据库。然后运用Excel 2007、IBM SPSS Modeler 18.0、IBM SPSS Statistics 25.0等软件对频次、性味、聚类、关联规律等进行统计分析。结果:共筛选出符合条件的方剂263首,包含药物296种,其中使用频次≥15的药物有32味。使用频次前5位的药物为乳香、轻粉、冰片、没药、麝香;药性多寒、温、平;药味多辛、苦、甘。根据药物的关联规律分析,得到常用药对15对。通过聚类分析,得到4组药物聚合组合。结论:《中医方剂大辞典》中治疗疮疡的外用方剂用药以活血化瘀、拔毒化腐生肌、清热燥湿为主,攻补兼施,消托并用。基于中医药现代化的大背景,上述结果可为临床辨治疮疡提供一定的参考价值。同时,数据挖掘技术也可为临床处方的优化和筛选提供新思路和角度。

Objective:To explore the relevant prescriptions for the external treatment of sores in Dictionary of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescriptions,and explore the law of their medication.Methods:We searched the Dictionary of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescriptions,manually screened the prescription containing the main treatment for sore,and entered the prescription into Excel 2007 software after the standardized treatment of drug name.In order to ensure the accuracy of the data,three researchers entered the data separately,and the three researchers cross-checked each other,and finally the database of sore prescription was established.Then,Excel 2007,IBM SPSS Modeler 18.0,IBM SPSS Statistics 25.0 and other software were used to carry out statistical analysis on frequency,flavor,nature,clustering,association rules,etc..Results:A total of 263 prescriptions were screened out,including 296 kinds of drugs,among which 32 drugs with frequency≥15.The top 5 most frequently used were Ruxiang(Olibanum),Qingfen(Calomelas),Bingpian(Borneolum Syntheticum),Moyao(Myrrha)and Shexiang(Moschus).The drugs were cold,warm and moderate,and the tastes were more bitter,pungent and sweet.According to the analysis of drug association law,15 common drug pairs were obtained.Four groups of drug polymerization combinations were obtained by cluster analysis.Conclusion:In the Dictionary of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescriptions,the topical medication used to treat sore are mainly to promote blood circulation,remove blood stasis,relieve internal fever and promote tissue regeneration.Based on the background of the modernization of TCM medicine,the above results can provide certain reference value for clinical identification and treatment of sore.At the same time,data mining technology can also provide new ideas and angles for the optimization and screening of clinical prescriptions.