水化温度和时间对渤海湾卤虫卵孵化的影响

Effects of hydrated temperature and time on hatching of Artemia salina cysts in Bohai Bay

为了解卤虫卵孵化前期水化措施对孵化效果的影响,试验设计了20、25、30、35和40℃五个水化温度,相应水化温度分别设置1、2、3、4、5 h五个水化时间。试验结果表明:水化方案对渤海湾卤虫卵的孵化有比较明显的影响,30℃及以下进行水化处理可在一定程度上缩短孵化进程,伞期出现时间、幼虫初始出现时间和完成5%、95%孵化所用时间均有所提前;35℃后水化对孵化时间的影响逐渐变小,40℃时呈现明显相反结果。合适的水化处理温度和时间可提高孵化率,20℃时,孵化率均低于对照组,与时间无关;25~35℃下水化,孵化率逐渐提高,尤其4 h后孵化率相比对照组大幅增加;40℃时,孵化率会显著下降。试验中,25℃、3 h的水化条件对渤海湾卤虫卵的孵化较为有利,孵化率可达(86.41±0.03)%,相较对照组提高了(6.84±0.04)%,完成大部分孵化所用整体时间提前了2 h。试验可为渤海湾卤虫卵孵化时水化前处理方案的优化提供参考依据。

In order to find out how hydration would affect hatching of Artemia salina cysts at early stages in Bohai Bay,an experiment had been designed in which different water temperatures and different action times were involved.In the experiment,there were five different temperatures which were 20℃,25℃,30℃,35℃and 40℃,and each with five different action times which were 1 hour,2 hours,3 hours,4 hours and 5 hours.The experiment result showed that hydration had an obvious impact on hatching of Artemia cysts.Under temperature of 30℃,hydration could help shorten hatching process.Time of umbrella-shaped period and time of Artemia larvae stage were both advanced at different experimental times and temperatures except for temperature of 40℃,so did time of 5%and 95%hatching completeness.The result also indicated that as temperature gone up above 35℃gradually,this effect started to reduce.In addition,hydrating temperature and time had a significant effect on hatching when water temperature was between 25℃and 35℃.In this temperature range,the higher temperature was,the higher the hatching rate was.Longer-hour experiments like 4-hour and 5-hour were the most significant compared with the control group.Yet opposite result was observed at temperature of 40℃at all times.Base on this,hydrating condition of 25℃with the action time of 3 hours was considered to be the most beneficial for hatching Artemia cysts in Bohai Bay.Under this experimental condition,the hatching rate reached up to(86.41±0.03)%,which was(6.84±0.04)%higher than that of the control group and the hatching time of completing most of the incubation was reduced by 2 hours.