国外部分国家慢病管理相关策略研究进展

Research Progress on Strategies of Chronic Disease Management in Some Foreign Countries

慢病严重威胁着人类健康,给各国医疗保健系统造成严重负担。美国、德国、日本、英国和澳大利亚对慢病管理的研究较早,制定了多项管理策略,如美国社区计划、德国疾病管理计划、日本特定健康检查和指导、英国以全科诊所为中心的管理模式、澳大利亚推出的全科医生管理计划等。这些国家的慢病管理策略经过多年实践,取得了良好的效果。该文对这些国家慢病管理主体、策略及其效果进行综述,以期为国内制定慢病管理策略提供参考。

Chronic diseases pose a serious threat to human health and impose a serious burden on national healthcare systems.The United States of America,Germany,Japan,the United Kingdom and Australia have studied chronic disease management earlier,and a number of management strategies have been formulated,such as the American community plan,the German disease management programs,Japanese specific health examination and guidance,the British general practice-centered management model,and the general practitioner management plan launched in Australia.The chronic disease management strategies in these countries have achieved good results after years of practice.This paper reviewed the subjects,strategies and effects of chronic disease management in these countries,and provided reference for the formulation of chronic disease management strategies in China.