重庆地区高校教室近窗区天然采光照度调研分析

Investigation and Analysis of Natural Lighting Near Window Area of University Classrooms in Chongqing

近窗区作为学生停留时间最长的区域,受天然光影响最大,对于日光资源匮乏的重庆地区,提升近窗区采光质量可提高教室天然光环境质量,有益学生身心健康,提升学习效率。为改善教室近窗区照度条件,优化教室天然光环境质量,基于CIE标准晴天空与CIE标准阴天空条件,对重庆地区高校教室的天然光照度进行实地测量与分析。根据照度测量值与开窗方式、朝向等教室差异指标的分析,南向教室近窗区照度极大,平均为10000 lx以上,存在眩光问题;北向教室近窗区照度在1000 lx左右,位于合理范围,应着重针对南向教室进行遮阳处理。对于不同开窗方式的教室,在水平遮阳的基础上,应进行针对性设计。横向侧窗教室应采用横向反射板与格栅遮阳结合的方式;竖条窗教室应增加斜向反射板的使用,增大反射面积。此研究希望为重庆高校教室外窗调光构件设计提供参考。

As the area where students stay for the longest time,the area near the window is most affected by natural light.Improving the quality of lighting in the area near the window in Chongqing where daylight resources are scarce can improve the quality of natural light environment in classroom,it is beneficial to students'physical and mental health and improve learning efficiency.In order to improve the illuminance conditions of the classroom near the window area and optimize the quality of the natural light environment of the classroom,this study conducted field measurement and analysis of the natural light illuminance of the university classrooms in Chongqing based on CIE standard clear sky and CIE standard cloudy sky conditions.Through the analysis of illuminance measurement values,window opening methods,orientation and other classroom difference indicators,the results show that:the south classroom near the window area of the maximum illuminance,more than 10000 lx on average,there is a glare problem.The illumination of the north classroom near the window area is about 1000 lx,which is located in a reasonable range.Shading should be focused on the south facing classroom.For classrooms with different window opening methods,targeted design should be carried out on the basis of horizontal shading:horizontal side window classrooms should adopt the combination of transverse reflection plate and grille shading;Vertical bar window classroom should increase the use of oblique reflection plate,increase the reflection area.The research of this paper can provide reference for the design and research of dimming components of classroom Windows in Chongqing universities.