降雨环境下电磁波短距离传播衰减研究

Study on Short-Distance Propagation Attenuation of Electromagnetic Wave Under Rainfall Environment

随着无线电技术的不断革新,在降雨等复杂环境下由于电磁波传播特性变化造成对武器系统的影响逐步被重视。与以往降雨环境下的远距离电磁波传播研究不同,着重阐述了近距离传播过程中电磁波的衰减问题。通过电磁仿真软件的帮助,根据层状云降水情况建立仿真模型,模拟多个频段下电磁波短距离传播过程,并通过计算路径前后电磁波能量差值以反映出电磁波衰减情况。结果表明,在降雨环境中,短距离的电磁波传播由于雨滴的影响,存在较大的衰减,随着频率和传播距离的增加,电磁波的衰减也在增加。

With the continuous innovation of radar technology,both civilian and military radars are demanding more and more accuracy in complex environments.Different from previous studies on long-distance electromagnetic wave propagation under rainfall environment,the attenuation of electromagnetic wave in the short-distance propagation process is focused on.With the help of electromagnetic simulation software,a simulation model was established according to the precipitation situation of stratoid cloud in Henan Province to simulate the short–diastance propagation process of electromagnetic wave in P-band,and the electromagnetic wave attenuation was reflected by calculating the difference of electric field energy before and after the path.The results show that the attenuation of electromagnetic wave increases with the increase of frequency under the same distance propagation of rainfall environment,which is the same as the attenuation trend of long-distance propagation,and the attenuation degree cannot be ignored under the conditions of precision guidance.