风电机组叶片无损检测技术研究与进展

Research and Development of Nondestructive Detection Technology for Wind Turbine Blades

风电机组叶片在运行时除了承受气动力作用外,还承受重力、离心力等其他力的影响,再加上雨雪、沙尘、盐雾侵蚀、雷击等破坏,使叶片基体及表面容易受到损伤,这些损伤如未及时发现与维修会导致风电机组发电效率下降、停机,甚至发生损毁等事故。因此,风电机组叶片损伤检测对保障风电机组安全高效运行、降低风电机组寿命周期内发电成本有重大意义。结合国内外相关文献,综述了风电机组叶片损伤类型及产生原因,对现有风电机组叶片损伤检测技术进行了系统介绍,对这些技术进行了实时在线监测与非实时检测分类,对比了各监测/检测技术的优缺点。最后根据风电机组的实际工程应用及无损检测技术的发展,提出了风电机组叶片无损监测/检测技术未来发展趋势。

In addition to withstanding aerodynamic forces,blades also experience other forces such as gravity and centrifugal force during operation,as well as damage from rain,snow,sand,salt spray,lightning and other factors,making the wind turbine blade structure and surface vulnerable.Failure to detect and repair such damage in a timely manner can lead to reduced power generation efficiency,downtime and even accidents.Therefore,damage detection of wind turbine blades is of great significance for ensuring the safe and efficient operation of wind turbines and reducing the cost of power generation over the life cycle of the system.This article provides a comprehensive review of the types and causes of wind turbine blade damage based on relevant literature from both Chinese and international sources.It also systematically introduces existing wind turbine blade damage detection technologies,categorizing them into real-time online monitoring and non-real-time detection,and compares the advantages and disadvantages of each technology.Finally,based on the actual engineering application of wind turbines and the development of non-destructive testing technology,the future development trend of non-destructive monitoring/detection technology for wind turbine blades is proposed.