城市轨道交通项目PPP+TOD增值效益研究

Value-added Benefits of PPP+TOD in Urban Rail Transit Projects

城市轨道交通PPP项目投资运营成本高,政府需要对其进行大量财政补贴以保证其正常运营。TOD模式可通过对站点周围土地进行综合开发利用,借助客流量带来额外的经济效益,用来补贴城市轨道交通的成本缺口,减轻政府财政负担。基于TOD开发理论,在对已有TOD案例分析总结基础上,对比一般城市轨道交通PPP模式回报机制,得到PPP+TOD模式下的回报来源及回报机制,分析了城市轨道交通TOD模式可带来的居住功能、商业功能及办公功能的增值收益,并通过特征价格模型对增值效益进行量化计算,同时结合案例对增值收益进行实证分析,定量测算了增值收益反哺城市轨道交通PPP项目建设和运营的幅度,丰富了PPP+TOD模式的可行性分析方法,为政府决策提供了依据和参考。

As the investment and operation cost of PPP projects in urban rail transit is high,the government needs a lot of financial subsidies to ensure its normal operation.Transit-oriented development(TOD)mode can make comprehensive development and utilization of the land around the station,bring additional economic benefits with the help of passenger flow,subsidize the cost gap of urban rail transit,and reduce the financial burden of the government.Based on TOD development theory and the existing TOD cases,this paper compared the return mechanism of the public-private-partnership(PPP)mode of general urban rail transit,obtaining the return source and return mechanism of PPP+TOD mode.It analyzed the value-added benefits of residential function,commercial function,and office function brought by the TOD mode of urban rail transit and quantifies the value-added benefits through a characteristic price model.Meanwhile,after the empirical analysis of the value-added benefits combined with cases,the paper quantitatively measured the extent of the construction and operation of PPP projects with value-added income feeding back urban rail transit.This study enriches the feasibility analysis method of the PPP+TOD model and provides the basis and reference for government decision-making.