高光谱成像技术在中国古代书画分析中的应用研究综述

Review of the applications of hyperspectral imaging technology in the analysis of ancient Chinese calligraphy and paintings

中国古代书画,因其年代久远,递藏情况复杂,多数屡经裁切割补、修复重装,故而有很多历史信息或被叠摞或被遮蔽,导致今人不能以肉眼直接观察而获得,而纸绢接补,墨迹、颜料、印鉴的残损也为书画研究者带来诸多悬而未决的问题。近年来,高光谱技术作为一种非侵入式的光谱成像技术,已逐步应用于各类彩绘文物中,该技术可为中国古代书画研究和保护提供更丰富的信息。本工作以文献调研为基础,简要介绍了高光谱成像的原理及技术特点,对高光谱技术在中国古代书画研究的实践进行总结,梳理了国内外研究者利用高光谱技术在书画、档案及相关彩绘文物的增强显示、物质识别、虚拟修复方面的应用案例,以期为相关研究者提供参考借鉴。

Complicated circulating,cutting,repairing and remounting are common situations seen for ancient Chinese calligraphy and paintings.Because of these,a lot of historical information,having been folded,stacked or covered,is unable to be acquired via naked eye observation.The damages to paper,silk,ink marks,pigments and seal impressions in calligraphy and paintings also lead to many questions.In recent years,the hyperspectral technology,as a non-invasive spectral imaging technology,has been gradually applied to colored cultural relics.This technology can provide richer information for the research and conservation of ancient Chinese calligraphy and paintings.Based on literature research,this paper briefly introduces the principle and technological characteristics of hyperspectral imaging and summarizes its practices in the studies of ancient Chinese calligraphy and paintings.In addition,domestic and foreign research using the hyperspectral technology on calligraphy and paintings,archives and relevant colored cultural relics,especially in terms of visual enhancement,material identification and virtual restoration,were sorted out,in an attempt to provide references for domestic conservation work in the future.