建设世界科技强国的驱动逻辑、关键路径与中国突破——基于英德美建设世界科技强国的历史考察

Driving logic,critical path and China's breakthrough in building a world power in science and technology--Based on historical survey of building a world power in science and technology by Britain,Germany,and the United States

建设世界科技强国是中国的发展战略目标。他山之石可以攻玉,深入剖析英国、德国、美国建设世界科技强国的驱动逻辑、关键路径,并从中获得镜鉴,对于我国建设世界科技强国具有重要参考价值。考察发现:世界科技强国的生成是国家政策创新、教育改革创新、人才队伍创新、企业应用创新、自主科技创新、文化建设创新六重创新驱动逻辑共同作用的结果,关键路径在于政产学研协同,教育、科技、人才一体联动,科技与经济融合,自由创新与有组织创新互补,基础研究与应用研究互促。建设世界科技强国的中国突破之径在于抢历史机遇节点,谋科技前沿胜点,建协同创新支点,强基础研究基点,治受制于人痛点,通评价应用堵点,如此才能实现科技自立自强,建成具有中国特色的世界科技强国。

Building a world science and technology powerhouse is China's strategic development goal.Stones from other mountains can be used to attack jade,so as to deeply analyze the driving logic and key paths of Britain,Germany,and the United States in building a world science and technology powerhouse can gain insights from them,with important reference value for China.The investigation found that the establishment of a world science and technology powerhouse is the result of the combined action of six innovative driving logic:national policy innovation,education reform innovation,team building innovation,enterprise application innovation,independent technology innovation,and cultural construction innovation.The key path lies in the coordination of government,industry,and academia,the integration of education,science and technology,and talent training,the integration of technology and economy,the complementarity of free innovation and organized innovation,and the mutual promotion of basic research and applied research.The breakthrough path for China to build a world science and technology powerhouse lies in seizing historical opportunity,seeking cutting-edge technological advancements,building collaborative innovation fulcrums,strengthening basic research bases,addressing pain points that are constrained by human factors,and addressing application bottlenecks.Only in this way can we achieve technological self-reliance and self-improvement,and build a world science and technology powerhouse with Chinese characteristics.