基于达标理论的微信平台教育在2型糖尿病患者胰岛素注射中的应用效果

Application effect of WeChat platform education based on goal attainment theory in insulin injection for type 2 diabetes mellitus patients

目的探索基于达标理论的微信平台教育对2型糖尿病(type 2 diabetes mellitus,T2DM)患者的胰岛素注射知信行水平、注射技术及糖化血红蛋白水平的影响。方法选取2021年4月—2022年3月在上海市某三级综合医院内分泌代谢科住院且使用胰岛素笔注射治疗的97例T2DM患者作为研究对象,按照组间基线资料均衡可比的原则分为观察组49例和对照组48例,研究中观察组失访1例。对照组实施常规护理,观察组在常规护理的基础上实施基于达标理论的胰岛素注射教育。在干预前和干预3个月后分别评估并比较两组患者的胰岛素规范注射的知信行水平、胰岛素注射技术掌握情况及糖化血红蛋白水平。结果干预前,两组患者胰岛素规范注射的知信行得分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预3个月后,观察组患者的胰岛素规范注射知信行问卷得分高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预前两组患者的胰岛素注射操作评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),干预3个月后,观察组患者的胰岛素注射操作评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预前两组患者糖化血红蛋白比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),干预后观察组患者糖化血红蛋白低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论基于达标理论的微信平台教育可提高T2DM患者的胰岛素注射自我管理水平,有利于患者的血糖控制。

Objective To explore the impact of WeChat platform education based on goal attainment on insulin injection knowledge,practice,injection techniques,and glycated hemoglobin levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)patients.Methods We selected 97 T2DM patients who were hospitalized in the endocrine and metabolic department of a tertiary general hospital in Shanghai from April 2021 to March 2022 and treated with insulin pen injection as the study subjects.According to the principle of balanced and comparable baseline data between groups,they were divided into an observation group of 49 cases and a control group of 48 cases.In the study,one case was lost in the observation group.The control group received routine care,while the observation group received insulin injection education based on goal attainment theory on the basis of routine care.Before and 3 months after the intervention,the knowledge,belief,and practice levels of standardized insulin injection,mastery of insulin injection techniques,and glycated hemoglobin levels were evaluated and compared between the two groups of patients.Results Before intervention,there was no statistically significant difference in the knowledge,belief,and practice scores of standardized insulin injection between the two groups(P>0.05).After 3 month of intervention,the knowledge,belief,and practice questionnaire score of standardized insulin injection in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Before intervention,there was no statistically significant difference in the insulin injection procedure score between the two groups(P>0.05).After 3 month of intervention,the insulin injection procedure score of the observation group was higher than that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Before intervention,there was no statistically significant difference in the glycated hemoglobin between the two groups(P>0.05).After intervention,the glycated hemoglobin of the observation group was lower than that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The WeChat platform education based on goal attainment theory can improve the self-management level of insulin injection in T2DM patients,which is beneficial for their blood sugar control.