城市临终老人的照料负担及影响因素研究

Study on Care Burden for Dying Elderly in the City and Its Influencing Factors

根据中国老年健康影响因素跟踪调查(CLHLS)2018年数据,采用卡方检验和对数线性模型Logit回归分析城市临终老人照料负担的影响因素并进行稳健性检验。研究发现我国城市临终老人照料者存在照料负担,且临终老人存在年龄较大、家庭年收入水平差距较大、大多数日常活动存在困难、多半与少于3个家人同住、获得的社会支持较少等特点。照料时间、老人日常行动能力和老人年龄显著影响照料负担。临终老人依赖照料天数越长,照料负担越重;临终老人的日常行动能力越差,照料负担越重;临终老人的年龄越大,照顾负担相对较轻。为提高我国临终老人的生命质量、减轻家庭照料负担,应普及生命教育和死亡教育,完善有效的心理干预机制;建立临终老人临终护理的社会支持网络;重点关注临终关怀与临终照顾服务。

Based on the data of the CLHLS(2018),Chi⁃square test and Loglinear model Logit regression are used to analyze the influencing factors of care burden for the urban dying elderly and conduct the robustness test.It is found that the elderly at the end of life in Chinese cities generally present characteristics such as higher age,differences in household income levels,exist difficulties in daily activities,lighter care burden,mostly living with family members,and having less social support services.Caregiving time,daily mobility and age significantly affect care burden.The longer the dying elderly depend on care,the heavier the care burden;The poorer the daily mobility of the dying elderly,the heavier the care burden;The older the terminally elder⁃ly,the lighter the burden of care.In order to improve the life quality of the dying elderly in China and reduce the burden of family care,it is necessary to popularize life education and death education and perfect the ef⁃fective psychological intervention mechanism,establish a social support network for the care of the dying elder⁃ly,and pay attention to and promote the development of hospice care and service in China.