视网膜母细胞瘤:诊治要点与难点

Retinoblastoma:key points and difficulties in diagnosis and treatment

视网膜母细胞瘤(RB)是儿童时期最常见的眼内恶性肿瘤。近年来,随着以化学药物治疗为基础的综合治疗理念的发展及诊疗技术的提升,RB患儿的长期生存率得到了极大的改善,其治疗目标也逐步由挽救患儿生命向提高患儿生存质量倾斜。在我国较大的RB诊疗中心,患儿生存率基本与发达国家水平相当;但在部分落后地区,RB仍会对患儿生命造成巨大威胁。因此,加大科普宣传力度,提高全民对RB疾病的认知程度,提升诊断效率,实施合理规范的治疗方案,对高危人群进行遗传咨询及产前评估,培养专业技术人才,是改善我国RB患儿生存率及患儿家庭生存质量的必要措施。

Retinoblastoma(RB)is the most common intraocular malignancy in childhood.In recent years,with the development of the comprehensive treatment concept based on chemical therapy and the improvement of diagnosis and treatment technology,the long-term survival rate of RB children has been greatly improved,and the treatment goal has gradually shifted from saving the lives of children to improving the quality of life of children.In large RB diagnosis and treatment centers in China,the survival rate of children is basically equivalent to that of developed countries.However,in some backward areas,RB still poses a great threat to the lives of children.Therefore,the necessary measures to improve the survival rate of children with RB and the quality of life of their families are to intensify the popularization of popular science,improve the public awareness of RB disease,improve the diagnostic efficiency,implement reasonable and standardized treatment plans,conduct genetic counseling and prenatal assessment for high-risk groups,and train professional and technical personnel.