老年皮肤瘙痒症患者生活质量及其影响因素

Life quality and its influencing factors in elderly patients with pruritus

目的 研究老年皮肤瘙痒症患者生活质量及其相关影响因素。方法 将澄迈县人民医院医共体总院2021年6月至2022年6月收治的140例老年皮肤瘙痒症患者纳为研究对象,采用皮肤病生活质量指数(DLQI)进行评估,并采用二元logistic回归模型分析影响患者生活质量的相关因素。采用SPSS 19.0软件进行数据分析。组间比较采用χ^(2)检验。结果 老年皮肤瘙痒症患者DLQI量表中症状感受维度均分最高(1.51±0.36)分,其次是工作学习(1.37±0.21)分,量表总得分为(10.27±2.38)分,疾病对15.71%(22/140)的患者的生活造成了轻度影响,对62.86%(88/140)的患者的生活造成了中度影响,对14.29%(20/140)的患者的生活造成较大与极大影响。行二元logistic回归分析提示,老年皮肤瘙痒症症病程(OR=2.201,95%CI 1.743~2.779)、单次瘙痒持续时间(OR=1.756,95%CI 1.161~2.655)、伴随症状(OR=3.404,95%CI 1.152~10.063)、瘙痒部位(OR=4.716,95%CI 1.881~11.825)、皮损面积(OR=1.744,95%CI 1.144~2.658)、瘙痒程度(OR=2.199,95%CI 1.610~3.003)、焦虑(OR=2.349,95%CI 1.250~4.415)及睡眠障碍(OR=1.952,95%CI 1.182~3.224)是影响患者生活质量的独立因素(P<0.05)。结论 老年皮肤瘙痒症症会对患者生活质量产生不同程度的不良影响,而病程长、瘙痒症状严重、隐私处瘙痒、合并焦虑及睡眠障碍,是影响患者生活质量的独立因素。提示临床除了积极采取措施缓解患者瘙痒症状外,还需关注患者不良情绪及睡眠障碍问题。

Objective To study the quality of life and its influencing factors in the elderly patients with pruritus.Methods A total of 140 elderly patients with pruritus admitted to the General Hospital of Medical Community of Chengmai People′s Hospital from June 2021 to June 2022 were enrolled as the study subjects.The patients were evaluated using dermatology life quality index(DLQI),and the factors affecting their quality of life were analyzed by binary logistic regression model.SPSS 19.0 was used for data analysis.inter group comparison was perfomed using χ^(2) test.Results The mean DLQI score in the elderly patients with pruritus was the highest at(1.51±0.36)points for symptom perception,followed by(1.37±0.21)points for work and study.The total DLQI score was(10.27±2.38)points,and the disease had a mild impact on the life of 15.71%(22/140)patients,a moderate impact on the life of 62.86%(88/140)patients and a huge or very huge impact on the life of 14.29%(20/140)patients.Binary logistic regression analysis indicated that the course of pruritus(OR=2.201,95%CI 1.743-2.779),duration of single pruritus(OR=1.756,95%CI 1.161-2.655),accompanying symptoms(OR=3.404,95%CI 1.152-10.063),pruritus site(OR=4.716,95%CI 1.881-11.825),lesion area(OR=1.744,95%CI 1.144-2.658),pruritus degree(OR=2.199,95%CI 1.610-3.003),anxiety(OR=2.349,95%CI 1.250-4.415)and sleep disorders(OR=1.952,95%CI 1.182-3.224)were independent factors affecting the patients′quality of life(P<0.05).Conclusion Pruritus in the elderly can have adverse effects on the quality of life of patients to varying degrees,and the long course of illness,severe pruritus,private pruritus,and comorbid anxiety and sleep disorders are independent factors affecting the patients′quality of life.It is suggested that,in addition to active measures to relieve pruritus symptoms,attention is necessary to adverse emotions and sleep disorders.