氢能智轨电车电制动控制策略研究

A Study on Electro-dynamic Brake Control Strategy of Hydrogen-powered Autonomous-rail Rapid Tram

氢能智轨电车的电制动能力受储能电池荷电状态(SOC)和氢燃料电池工作状态的严重限制,当储能电池接近充满电状态而氢燃料电池继续处于发电状态时,储能电池无法存储电制动产生的电能,导致电制动功能无法正常发挥。为了最大限度地发挥氢能智轨电车的电制动能力,文章提出了一种基于踏板减速度需求的电制动控制策略,其首先根据制动踏板开度及载荷等状态计算整车电制动力,结合储能系统和氢燃料电池系统当前的能量状态,向牵引系统发出制动力矩请求;并通过制动踏板开度对应的减速度,计算出制动踏板开度对应的电制动力,实现了不同载荷、中低级位、中低速度工况下电制动力的最优输出。试验结果表明,采用该电制动控制策略,在AW0工况下,列车实现了中低级位、中低速度工况下电制动能力的100%发挥,满足了氢能智轨电车在当前电制动系统架构下的再生制动能量回收的设计要求。

The electro-dynamic braking capacity of hydrogen-powered autonomous-rail rapid tram is severely limited by the state of charge(SOC)of the energy storage battery and the operational status of the hydrogen fuel cell.When the energy storage battery is near its full charge state and the hydrogen fuel cell continues to generate power,the storage battery is unable to store the electrical energy generated from electro-dynamic braking,leading to the failure of the electro-dynamic braking function.To maximize the electro-dynamic braking capacity of hydrogen-powered autonomous-rail rapid trams,this paper proposes an electrodynamic braking control strategy based on pedal deceleration demand.It firstly calculates the total vehicle electro-dynamic braking force based on brake pedal stroke and load status.It then combines the current energy status of the storage system and the hydrogen fuel cell system to initiate a brake torque request to the traction system.It also calculates the electro-dynamic braking force corresponding to the deceleration required by the brake pedal stroke,optimizing the output of electro-dynamic braking force under different load,intermediate gear placement,and medium-low speed conditions.The test results show that with this electro-dynamic braking control strategy,the train fully exploits its electro-dynamic braking capacity under medium-low gear placement and mediumlow speed working conditions in AW0 circumstances.It meets the design requirements for regenerative braking energy recovery of hydrogen-powered autonomous-rail rapid tram under the current electro-dynamic braking system architecture.