湿地公园景观型水源涵养林生态改造与景观优化

Ecological Transformation and Landscape Optimization of Landscape Type Water Conservation Forests in Wetland Park

人工林改造是湿地公园生态修复和森林质量提升的重要措施,打造兼具水源涵养和景观特色的水源涵养林对湿地公园生态修复有重要意义。以大王滩国家湿地公园水源涵养林改造为例,通过分析立地和林分现状及其存在的问题,从生态功能和景观营造角度,提出大王滩国家湿地公园水源涵养林树种选择、构建和景观优化方法;通过系统分析法对营造效果进行评估。结果表明,本研究设计的水源涵养林改造方案可将目前树种和林相单一的人工林改造为多树种、多层次和多色彩的水源涵养林,可提升大王滩国家湿地公园水源涵养林的生态功能和景观质量。

Plantation transformation is important measure in ecological restorations and forest quality improve-ments of wetland parks.Creating water conservation forests which combined water conservation and landscape characteristics is important for ecological restorations of wetland parks.Taking transformation of water conserva-tion forests in Dawangtan national wetland park as a case,status of sites and forest stands,and existing prob-lems were analyzed.Tree species selections,constructions and landscape optimization methods for water conser-vation forests in Dawangtan national wetland park were proposed from aspects of ecological functions and land-scape constructions.Construction effects were evaluated by system analysis.Results showed that current planta-tions with single tree species and forest form were transformed to water conservation forests with multiple tree species,levels and colors by transformation schemes designed in the study,which could improve ecological functions and landscape qualities of water conservation forests in Dawangtan national wetland park.