农业科技创新对粮食生产碳排放的影响——以中国三大粮食功能区为例

Research on the impact of agricultural science and technology innovation on carbon emission of grain production:A case study of China's three grain functional areas

以中国三大粮食功能区2011—2020年面板数据为样本,构建农业科技创新量化指标体系,测算农业科技创新及粮食生产碳排放量水平,并以动态面板模型检验了农业科技创新对粮食生产碳排放的抑制作用及影响路径。研究表明:2011—2020年三大粮食功能区的农业科技创新水平呈现上升趋势、粮食生产碳排放量有所下降,组间异质性明显;农业科技创新对粮食生产碳排放量有明显的抑制作用,这一作用在粮食主销区更加显著;技术效应和人力资本效应在农业科技创新减碳过程中发挥了重要作用。建议加快农业科技创新步伐,继续以农业科技创新实现粮食生产中的碳减排,重视生产效率、资源利用效率及人力资本水平的提升,并根据三大粮食功能区的异质性制定减碳相应政策,实现粮食产业绿色升级转型。

Based on the panel data of China′s three grain functional areas from 2011 to 2020,a quantitative index system of agricultural science and technology innovation was constructed,and then the level of agricultural science and technology innovation and carbon emission level of grain production were calculated.A dynamic panel model was used to test the inhibition effect and influence path of agricultural science and technology innovation on carbon emission of grain production.The results found that from 2011 to 2020,the level of agricultural science and technology innovation in the three grain functional areas showed an increasing trend,the carbon emissions of grain production decreased,and the inter-group heterogeneity was obvious.Agricultural scientific and technological innovation had a significant inhibitory effect on the carbon emission of grain production,and this effect was more significant in the main grain marketing areas.The technology effect and the human capital effect played an important role in the process of carbon reduction in agricultural science and technology innovation.It was recommended to accelerate the pace of agricultural science and technology innovation,continue to achieve carbon reduction in grain production through agricultural science and technology innovation,pay attention to the improvement of production efficiency,resource utilization efficiency and human capital level,and formulate corresponding policies for carbon reduction according to the heterogeneity of the three grain functional areas to realize the green upgrading and transformation of grain industry.