疫苗公平可及与知识产权全球治理:冲突调适与中国方案

Equitable Access to Vaccines and Global Governance of Intellectual Property Rights:Conflict Adjustment and China's Approach

疫苗作为一种特殊的商品,与市场激励的知识产权制度之间,存在明显的张力。为了促进疫苗的公平可及,世界卫生组织、世界知识产权组织、世界贸易组织等国际组织从数据开放共享、公共资金投入合作研发,以及知识产权豁免几个方面进行了知识产权政策调适。这些政策调整的背后体现了知识产权全球治理的价值冲突和路径分歧。我国应坚持以人类命运共同体为理念,将疫苗作为公共产品,在国际组织中主动参与知识产权全球治理话语权争夺,积极呼吁回归知识产权制度本源,推动知识产权全球治理向着更加公正合理的方向发展。

As a special commodity,there is an obvious tension between vaccines and the market-driven intellectual property system.In order to promote equitable access to COVID-19 vaccine,the World Health Organization,the World Intellectual Property Organization,the World Trade Organization,and other international organizations have adjusted their intellectual property policies from the aspects of data opening and sharing,public funds investment in cooperative research and development,and intellectual property exemption waivers.These policy adjustments reflect the value conflicts and path differences in global governance of intellectual property system.China should adhere to the concept of the community with a shared future for mankind,take vaccines as public products,actively participate in the competition for the discourse power in global governance of intellectual property in international organizations,actively appeal to return to the origin of the intellectual property system,and promote the development of intellectual property global governance towards a more just and reasonable direction.